硕士研究生英语期末考试(DOC)

FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS

试卷B

PAPER ONE

Part I Listening Comprehension Section A (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices, A, B, C and D by marking the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center. 1. A. Three dollars and twenty-five cents. B. Five dollars.

C. One dollar and fifty cents. D. One dollar.

2. A. The man considers himself a good traveler. B. The man brought his pet along on the trip.

C. The woman would like to join the man the next time. D. Neither of them has had a chance to see the play. 3. A. He doesn’t want to work tomorrow night.

B. He can’t find the way out of the student center. C. He’s afraid to work at night.

D. He’s afraid the work will be really hard. 4. A. In a camera store. B. In a hardware store. C. In an art gallery.

D. In a machine repair shop.

5. A. She parked her car in a safe place. B. Her car ran out of gas.

C. Brenda has borrowed her car. D. She came with Brenda today.

6. A. Stay awake for the midnight news program. B. Prepare an editorial for this week’s newspaper. C. Find the newspaper editor.

D. Find a job working as a reporter. 7. A. A refinished cellar. B. A new record. C. A furnished house. D. A recent book.

8. A. He hadn’t had time to do the experiment. B. The experiment turned out well. C. The experiment took a lot of time.

D. He only did part of the experiment that day. 9. A. Inspecting the wiring.

B. Replacing the lamp. C. Keeping the check. D. Sending a wire. Section B (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear two short passages and some questions. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices, A, B, C and D by marking the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center.

Questions 10-12 are based on the following passage:

10. A. Children taught one another in small supervised groups. B. Parents instructed their children in the “three R’s”. C. Teachers came to children’s homes.

D. Children acquired the information they needed by direct experience. 11. A. Outmoded methods of farming and ineffective means of

transportation.

B. Larger family units and greater financial hardships.

C. A new dependence on people far away and the use of money. D. The introduction of a new alphabet and numerical system.

12. A. The increasingly complex skills subsequently taught in schools. B. The problems evolved in the construction of new schools.

C. The various means of survival taught by parents in contemporary

society.

D. The importance of history instruction in the first schools. Questions 13-125 are based on the following passage:

13. A. To point out similarities between jazz and classical music. B. To describe what makes a good jazz performance.

C. To explain the importance of learning rhythm and harmony in jazz. D. To show that jazz is not really music at all.

14. A. They perform their music as a means of individual self-expression. B. They possess detailed knowledge of the rules of jazz composition. C. They memorize their music before performing it.

D. They are more famous than performers of other kinds of music. 15. A. Watch a film about jazz performers. B. Listen to some recordings of jazz music. C. Practice various jazz rhythms. D. Interview a jazz musician. Section C (1 point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage. The passage will be read TWICE. After you hear the passage, complete the following paragraphs with the information you get from the tape. You should write your answer on ANSWER SHEET II.

Bones can provide archaeologists with a valuable method of measuring time. The name of the method is calcium-9 dating. Calcium-9 dating is based on the fact that animals accumulate calcium in their bones. The calcium in the bones of the animals

comes from 16 that the animals ate while they were alive. There are certain varieties, or isotopes, of all elements known to man. These isotopes are known to occur in specific amounts in nature. When a large amount of calcium is collected in one place it should reflect the amounts found in nature. There is one complication of this simple model which makes 17 possible. Over a period of time the type of calcium known as calcium-9 tends to deteriorate into the more common form of calcium. Because scientists can guess how fast this change should happen, they can guess how old a piece of bone is by testing how much calcium-9 is present in the bone 18 .

It is true that as the bone develops and new layers are added, the same levels of calcium-9 are not always added to the bone at the same rate. Also, 19 can have an effect on the exact amount of calcium-9 found in a bone. But since there are so many millions of atoms of calcium in a tiny piece of bone, a scientist can essentially date the age of a bone even though the guess will not be exact.

In the early 1970’s a team of archaeologists used the calcium-9 technique to date a series of prehistoric bones found in West Africa. They compared the levels of calcium-9 in the ancient bones with those of an animal that had recently died. The comparison actually made it possible to determine the century in which the older bones had been buried. Little by little, the system was extended backward into time. Eventually, calcium-9 dating produced 20 going back over two million years. Part II Cloze (10 points, 0.5 point each)

Directions: In this part, there is passage with twenty blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center. It has been necessary to refer repeatedly to the effects of the two world wars in promoting all kinds of innovation. It should be 21 also that technological innovations have 22 the character of war itself by the 23 of new mechanical and chemical devices. One weapon developed during World War II 24 a special mention. The 25 of rocket propulsions was well known earlier, and its possibilities as a 26 of achieving speeds sufficient to escape from the earth’s gravitational pull had been 27 by the Russian and the American scientists. The latter built experimental liquid-fuelled rockets in 1926. 28 , a group of German and Romanian pioneers was working 29 the same lines, and in the 1930s, it was this team that developed a rocket 30 of delivering a warhead hundreds of miles away. Reaching a height of over 100 miles, the V-2 rocket 31 the beginning of the Space Age, and members of its design team were 32 in both the Soviet and United States space programs after the war.

Technology had a tremendous social 33 in the period 1900-1945. The automobile and electric power, 34 , radically changed both the scale and the quality of 20th-century life, 35 a process of rapid urbanization and a virtual revolution 36 living through mass production of household goods and 37 . The rapid development of the airplance, the cinema, and radio made the world seem suddenly smaller and more 38 . The development of many products of the chemical industry further transformed the life of most people. In the years 39

1945 the constructive and creative opportunities of modern technology could be 40 , although the process has not been without its problems. 21. A. detected B. commented C. observed D. notified 22. A. simulated B. innovated C. imitated D. transformed 23. A. alteration B. elimination C. innovation D. introduction 24. A. deserves B. furnishes C. entitles D. requires 25. A. doctrine B. strategy C. discipline D. principle 26. A. medium B. technique C. means D. methods 27. A. pointed out B. carried out C. handed over D. taken over 28. A. Instantaneously B. Spontaneously

C. Advantageously D. Simultaneously 29. A. with B. along

C. at D. across 30. A. suitable B. possible

C. able D. capable 31. A. marked B. labeled C. informed D. spoiled 32. A. integral B. structural C. mechanical D. instrumental 33. A. conflict B. impact C. connection D. influence 34. A. for instance B. on the contrary C. as a result D. on the other hand 35. A. assisting B. promoting C. urging D. encouraging 36. A. on B. through C. in D. by 37. A. equipment B. instruments C. utilities D. appliances 38. A. controversial B. complex C. accessible D. perceptive 39. A. following B. subsequent C. previous D. preceding 40. A. processed B. adopted C. applied D. exploited Part III Reading Comprehension (35 points, 1 point each)

Directions: In this part, there are six short passages, which are followed by questions

or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one by marking the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center. Passage One

In most countries, the law on organ transplantation is poorly defined, as legislation has not yet been created to cope with this advance in surgery. The existing framework relating to physical assault and care of the dead has no provision for organ transplantation. It is customary to ask the permission of the relatives, but, because organ removal must take place immediately after death, it may be impossible to reach the relatives in time. It has been suggested that there should be a widespread campaign to encourage persons to provide in their wills that their organs be used for transplantation. An alternative is to provide by law that permission is assumed unless removal has been forbidden by the individual in his lifetime. Such laws have been passed in Denmark, France, Sweden, Italy, and Israel. Compulsory postmortem (死后的) examination, a far more extensive procedure than organ removal for grafting (移植), is required in most countries after unexpected death, and this compulsion is not a matter of public concern and debate.

There would seem to be no reason why organ removal for transplantation purposes should not also be accepted to public opinion, provided there is a mechanism by which individuals in their lifetime can refuse this permission. This, of course, requires an efficient register of those who indicate their refusal: the register would be consulted before any organs would be removed. It is important that there be public reassurance that consideration of transplantation would not impair normal resuscitative (抢救的) efforts of the potential donor.

Transplantation has obviously raised important ethical considerations concerning the diagnosis of death, and, particularly, how far resuscitation should be continued. Every effort must be made to restore the heartbeat to someone who has had a sudden cardiac arrest (心跳骤停) or breathing to someone who cannot breathe. Artificial respiration and massage of the heart, the standard methods of resuscitation, are continued until it is clear that the brain is dead. Most physicians consider that beyond this point efforts at resuscitation are useless.

41. According to the author, which of the following is NOT true?

A. The traditional way of asking for permission of relatives for organ

removal does not prove to be always feasible.

B. Most countries do not6 have an effective law on organ

transplantation.

C. In some countries there are laws providing that the permission of

organ removal is taken for granted unless it has been refused by the person in his lifetime.

D. It is hard to understand why people should remain silent on compulsory

postmortem exam after unexpected death.

42. Which of the following is NOT a suggestion made in the passage? A. Organ removal should be permitted in the course of compulsory

postmortem exam.

B. People should be encouraged to donate their organs after death. C. Organ removal for transplantation could be considered legal unless

the dead person stated otherwise in his lifetime.

D. Organ removal for transplantation should be advocated because it benefits

the human society.

43. The underlined word “impair” at the end of Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by

_______. A. weaken B. neglect C. be superior to D. come together with

44. It is believed that efforts at resuscitation are useless when _______. A. a person’s heartbeat and breath has totally stopped

B. artificial respiration and massage of the heart have yielded no obvious result C. the brain is certainly dead

D. standard methods of resuscitation have failed 45. Which of the following can best sum up the passage? A. Some underlying principles on organ transplantation. B. Legal and ethical problems of organ transplantation.

C. The difference between compulsory postmortem exam and organ

transplantation

D. The diagnosis of death before organ transplantation. Passage Two

With human footprints on the moon, radio telescopes listening for messages from alien creatures (who may or may not exist), technicians looking for celestial and planetary sources of energy to support our civilization, orbiting telescopes’ data hinting at planetary systems around other stars, and political groups trying to figure out how to save humanity from nuclear warfare that would damage life and climate on a planet-wide scale, an astronomy book published today enters a world different from the one that greeted books a generation ago. Astronomy has broadened to involve our basic circumstances and our mysterious future in the universe. With eclipses and space missions broadcast live, and with NASA, Europe, and the USSR planning and building permanent space stations, astronomy offers adventure for all people, an outward exploratory thrust that may one day be seen as an alternative to mindless consumerism, ideological bickering (争吵), and wars to control dwindling resources on a closed, finite Earth.

Today’s astronomy students not only seek an up-to-date summary of astronomical facts: they ask, as people have asked for ages, about our basic relations to rest of the universe. They may study astronomy partly to seek points of contact between science and other human endeavors: philosophy, history, politics, environmental action, even the arts and religion.

Science fiction writers and special effect artists on recent films help today’s students realize that unseen worlds of space are real places --- not abstract concepts. Today’s students are citizens of a more real, more vast cosmos than conceptualized by students of a decade ago.

In designing this edition, the Wadsworh editors and I have tried to respond to

these developments. Rather than jumping at the start into murky waters of cosmology, I have begun with the viewpoint of ancient people on Earth and worked outward across the universe. This method of organization automatically (if loosely) reflects the order of humanity’s discoveries about astronomy and provides a unifying theme of increasing distance and scale.

46. This passage is most probably taken from _______. A. the introduction of a book of astronomy B. an article of popular science

C. the preface of a piece of science fiction

D. a lecture given by the author to astronomy students

47. The author’s purpose in presenting the first paragraph is _______. A. to discuss in detail the most recent achievements in space research B. to explain the background and new features of today’s astronomy

C. to illustrate that the world today is different in many aspects from that of a

generation ago

D. to introduce some newly established space stations

48. The author thinks that the growing interest in space exploration among people on

Earth will probably lead to _______.

A. the realization of permanent settlement on other planets B. all people having chances of traveling in space C. orders, harmony and peace on our planet Earth

D. more disturbance not only on Earth but also in outer space 49. The author believes that today’s astronomy students _______. A. no longer care about astronomical facts

B. are much brighter than students of a generation ago

C. may learn more about man and his research in various fields through the

study of astronomy

D. are better-informed about the unseen worlds of space

50. In the last paragraph, the underlined expression “these developments” refers to all

of the following EXCEPT _______.

A. the new concepts about the universe acquired by today’s astronomy students B. the development of science fiction and special effects of films C. humanity’s new achievements in the field of astronomy D. the world-wide involvement in space exploration Passage Three

Television --- the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth --- is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.

The word “television”, derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photo-conductive plate

within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire of cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.

Television is more than just an electronic system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.

The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is non-broadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.

Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.

51. What is the literal meaning of the world “television”? A. Sight from distance. B. Medium of the masses. C. Vehicle for communication. D. Airwave transmission.

52. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a function of electronics in television transmissions?

A. The sending of impulses through a wire cable.

B. The conversion of an image into electronic impulses. C. The feeding of impulses into a receiver.

D. The changing of one image into another image.

53. According to the passage, how many major broadcast networks are there? A. Three. B. Two. C. Five. D. Four.

54. What field of television is intended for specific interest groups? A. Reconstituted. B. Broad-based. C. Non-broadcast. D. Traditional.

55. Which of the following statements about the relationship between the television and its viewers can be inferred from the passage？

A. Viewers would prefer increased news coverage.

B. Viewers do not take an active role in watching television. C. Viewers have grown tired of television.

D. Viewers like to use television to reach other human beings. Passage Four

Wholly aided from aesthetic and moral considerations, fashion is an economic absurdity, and there is little to be said in its favor. Nevertheless, we can appreciate the wisdom in Gina Lombroso’s belief that the enormous stress which women lay on

everything pertaining to clothes and the art of personal adornment is connected with the tendency to crystallize sentiment into an object. Woman symbolizes every important event in her life by a special dress; and a jewel or a beautiful gown means to a woman what an official decoration means to a man. “The temptation of dress is the last step in the ceremony to which the novice has to submit before entering the cloister. The memory of the gown which she too might have worn was the strongest temptation that assailed St. Catherine before she took her solemn vows --- a gown, embroidered with gold and stars, like those her sisters had worn, which her grandchildren would have gazed at with eyes filled with wonder and admiration …”.

“If a woman’s clothes cost the family and society a little time, money, and activity, they allow woman, independent of lies and calumnies, to triumph and come to the fore outside of man’s world and competition. They allow woman to satisfy her desire to be the first in the most varied fields by giving her the illusion that she is first, and at the same time enabling her rival to have the same illusion. Clothes absorb some of woman’s activity which might otherwise be diverted to more or less worth-while ends; they give woman real satisfaction, a satisfaction complete in itself, and independent of others, and … they constitute a safety valve which saves society from much greater and more dangerous evils than those which they cause.”

The aptness of these observations lies in the emphasis on clothes which are really beautiful and distinctive. But fashion is not primarily concerned with beauty; and fashion connotes conformity, not the individuality so cherished by our society and so artfully suggested by the copywriters. Many people who rigorously follow fashions believe they are following their own inclinations; they are unaware of the primitive, tribal compulsion; and this is true of fashions in manners, morals, and literature, as well as in clothes.

56. Gina Lombroso believes that with regard to clothes and the art of personal adornment, women _______. A. are absurd B. are individualistic C. are not sentimental D. tend to crystallize sentiment into an object 57. A gown embroidered with gold and stars is _______.

A. said to be the strongest temptation St. Catherine faced before she took her

final vows

B. offered as a temptation to every novice entering the convent C. worn by novices when they take their vows D. the dream of every woman

58. A woman’s clothes allow her to _______. A. triumph outside of man’s world B. be the best, actually, in many fields C. deceive both men and women

D. compete on an equal basis in a man’s world

59. The author of this article believes that fashion _______. A. promotes individuality B. promotes conformity

C. is concerned only with the clothes that are beautiful and distinctive

D. is primarily concerned with beauty

60. In the author’s opinion, women who follow fashion vigorously _______. A. follow their own inclinations B. are highly individualistic C. must be wealthy D. obey a primitive, tribal impulse

61. According to this article, conformity in manners, morals, and literature _______. A. stems from the same kind of impulses as does conformity in fashions B. differs distinctly from conformity in fashions C. is impossible because all artists are individualists D. has no exceptions

62. Which of the following statements is not stated but implied in the passage? A. Fashion is not primarily concerned with beauty.

B. Copywriters suggest that fashion connotes conformity.

C. Fashion emphasizes clothes that are beautiful and distinctive.

D. People who follow fashions are not really following their own inclinations. Passage Five

In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by co-operation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.

If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important --- and that has happened in some cases --- we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.

It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism” --- but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism ()”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit --- nor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.

The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.

Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent not only to a healthy democracy, but also to healthy family.

63. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is _______. A. both A and B

B. responsible for Momism

C. pertinent to a healthy family life D. fundamental to sound democracy . Notions of male superiority are _______.

A. difficult to maintain in a home where household tasks are shared by the

mother and father

B. difficult to maintain in a home where the father is the acknowledged ruler of

the family

C. difficult to maintain in a home where the woman does most of the work D. maintained by most American women

65. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and father is that

_______.

A. sharing leads to constant arguing

B. the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of the sexes C. the role of the mother may become an inferior one D. the role of the father may become an inferior one 66. The author states that bringing up children _______. A. involves a partnership of equals B. is the job of schools and churches C. belongs among the duties of the father D. is mainly the mother’s job

67. Today, people who specialize in family problems _______.

A. are becoming more aware of the importance of the father’s role in the family B. have concluded that today’s delinquent children are the result of Momism C. would re-establish the father as the autocratic ruler of the family D. reaffirm the belief that a woman’s place is in the home

68. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree? A. A woman’s place is in the home --- now as always.

B. Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory. C. Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.

D. A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society. Passage Six

Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this sense, every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.

To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages.

People once thought of the languages of backward groups as savage, undeveloped forms of speech, consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of “backward” languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the transfer of ideas. They fall behind Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all languages needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to possess

the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their town system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in “backward” languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly numerous and complicated. A Western language distinguishes merely between two degrees of remoteness (“this” and “that”); some languages of the American Indians distinguish between what is close to the speaker, or in the past, or in the future.

This study of language, in turn, casts a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed independently, and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.

69. The statement that “every group has a culture” grows out of the author’s _______. A. philosophy B. bias in regard to civilized humans C. feeling about human beings D. definition of culture

70. The languages of uncivilized groups as compared to Western languages are

limited in _______. A. both B and C B. vocabularies C. grammatical structures D. sound patterns

71. The article states that grunt-and-groan forms of speech are found _______. A. among people speaking “backwards” languages B. among Eastern cultures

C. among the Australian aborigines D. nowhere today

72. According to the author, although the languages of uncivilized people fall behind

Western languages in one respect, they often _______. A. are superior in other ways

B. are more “civilized” than civilized languages

C. make interesting distinctions between object and activities D. are more difficult to translate

73. According to the author, languages, whether civilized or not, have _______. A. grammatical structures B. an ability to transfer ideas C. their own sound patterns D. the potential for expanding vocabulary 74. According to the article, some languages of American Indians are _______. A. able to distinguish more than two degrees of remoteness B. “backward” C. uncivilized

D. more advanced than Western languages

75. Which of the following statements is implied in the passage?

A. The study of languages casts a new light upon the claims of anthropologists. B. The study of languages is the same as the study of anthropology.

C. The study of languages has reinforced anthropologists in their view that there

is no hierarchy among cultures.

D. The study of languages has discredited anthropological studies.

PAPER TWO

Part IV Translation (20 points) Section A (10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on ANSWER SHEET II.

The Global Positioning System (GPS) was developed by the United States’ Department of Defense in the 1970s. It consists of 24 satellites that orbit the earth every 12 hours and transmit continuous time and position data to ground-based receivers. The system was originally deployed to precisely locate the positions of soldiers, weapons, and targets by pinpointing geodetic latitude and longitude coordinates.

The satellite network has always had a security feature that limits accuracy to about 100 meters for users outside the United States. This limitation, known as “selective availability”, was designed into the system to prevent enemy forces from using it to locate U.S. targets. Authorized users with cryptographic (使用密码的) equipment as well as keys and specially equipped receivers can use the coded satellite signals to track objects in three dimensions --- position, velocity, and time. Section B (10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the proper space on ANSWER SHEET II.

英国经理人无一例外地彬彬有礼，谈话常佐以别国同僚所欣赏不了的轶闻趣事。他们认为开会不应该作出任何决定，而只是用来定定范围，大概地了解一下目前的情况。要是他们为了不惹恼你而做出了某项承诺，那要他们践诺可就遥遥无期了，甚至会不了了之。 Part V Writing (15 points)

Directions: Write a composition of approximately 200 words according to the topic given below. Topic: Prize and Competition

ANSWER SHEET I

Part I Listening Comprehension

1. A B C D 6. A B C D 2. A B C D 7. A B C D 3. A B C D 8. A B C D 4. A B C D 9. A B C D 5. A B C D 10. A B C D 11. A B C D 12. A B C D 13. A B C D 14. A B C D 15. A B C D

16. ________________________________ 17. ________________________________ 18. ________________________________ 19. ________________________________ 20. ________________________________

Part II Cloze

21. A B C D 31. A B C 22. A B C D 32. A B C 23. A B C D 33. A B C 24. A B C D 34. A B C 25. A B C D 35. A B C 26. A B C D 36. A B C 27. A B C D 37. A B C 28. A B C D 38. A B C 29. A B C D 39. A B C 30. A B C D 40. A B C

Part III Reading Comprehension

41. A B C D 51. A B C 42. A B C D 52. A B C 43. A B C D 53. A B C 44. A B C D 54. A B C 45. A B C D 55. A B C 46. A B C D 56. A B C 47. A B C D 57. A B C 48. A B C D 58. A B C 49. A B C D 59. A B C 50. A B C D 60. A B C

71. A B C D 72. A B C D 73. A B C D 74. A B C D 75. A B C D

D D D D D D D D D D D 61. A D 62. A D 63. A D . A D 65. A D 66. A D 67. A D 68. A D 69. A D 70. A B C D B C D B C D B C D B C D B C D B C D B C D B C D B C D

KEYS

Part I Listening Comprehension

1-5 C B A B D 6-10 B D A A D 11-15 C A B A B 16. the environment and the foods 17. the dating techniques 18. in comparison to the amount found in a modern bone 19. differing climatic conditions and geographic locations 20. a prehistoric record of animal activities Part II Cloze

21-25 C D D A D 26-30 C A D B D 31-35 A D B A B 36-40 C D C A D Part III Reading Comprehension 41-45 D A A C B 46-50 A B C C B 51-55 A D A C B 56-60 D A A B D 61-65 A D A A D 66-70 A A D D B 71-75 D C D A C Part IV Translation Section A

全球卫星定位系统（GPS）是美国国防部在70年代开发的。它由24颗卫星组成，这些卫星每12小时就沿环绕地球的轨道运行一周，同时不间断地将有关时间和方位数据发送回地面的接收站点。开发该系统的最初目的是通过对经纬度坐标的精确定位来准确地指出士兵、武器和目标的位置。

该卫星网络系统备有安全设施，把美国境外用户的精确度在100米左右。在系统中设置这种称为“选择性有效”的措施，是为了避免敌军利用它来定位美国境内的目标。经授权的用户拥有密码设备、密码本和装备特殊的接收器，他们可以使用加密卫星信号从方位、速度和时间三方面来追踪目标。 Section B

British managers invariably are polite, and they spice their conversations with humorous little anecdotes that executives of other nationalities usually fail to appreciate. Meetings are not supposed to decide anything. The British use them to explore the terrain and to get a brief idea of the present situations. If they promise you something to avoid offending you, it may take a long time before they deliver. In fact, they may not deliver at all. Part V Writing (varied)