Unit1 Let’s try to speak English as much as possible.
1. Welcome back! Welcome back to school!
Welcome to China/our school/my home town! Welcome home! You’re welcome. give sb. a cold/warm welcome 注意welcome的词性 v. adj n.
2. talk with/to sb. about sth. have a talk/conversation with sb. 3. ask for some advice a piece of advice
注意advice是不可数名词，不能说these advice give sb. advice给某人建议
take/follow one’s advice听从某人的建议 4. speak English in class speak English as much as possible read books as many as you can as…as possible = as…as one can/could 5. write down our mistakes in our notebooks write it/them down (代词宾格只能放中间)
类似结构还有pick up, take off, put on, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up
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6. forget/ remember to do sth.记得、忘记要做某事（还没做） forget/remember doing sth. 记得、忘记做过某事（已经做了） eg: Don’t forget to bring your photos here when you come.
I remember seeing him somewhere in Jiaxing. 我记得在嘉兴的某个地方见过他。
forget- forgot-forgotten forgetful adj. 健忘的
eg:Mrs Grey is old and she is forgetful. 7. the correct answers adj. correct= right 正确的 incorrect correct the spelling (mistake) v. 纠正拼写错误
Can you spell the word?
8.What/Where/Who else? something /anything/somebody else （ else放在疑问词和不定代词后面） 9. have an idea I have no idea.
10.Listening to the radio is good for our pronunciation. （注意动名词做主语） listen to music/me / the teacher
listen for key words and main ideas key adj. =important
the key to the front door 前门的钥匙 the key to the exercise练习的答案 11. so many new words
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have a word with sb. 和某人说句话 have words with sb. 和某人争吵 12. need既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词 sb. need sth. sb.need to do sth. sth. need doing
eg．She needed some help last night. The flowers need watering.
I need to water the flowers.（改否定句） I don’t need to water the flowers. =I needn’t water the flowers. 13.get to know… through reading 14.agree with sb./one’s words agree to do sth. 同意做某事 disagree 不同意 类似的构词方式
like-dislike 喜欢，不喜欢
appear-disappear出现，消失 cover-discover盖上，揭开 15.表建议的句型
We/You/They should/shouldn’t do… Let’s do…
Why not do...?=Why don’t you/we do ...? How/What about doing ...?
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Don’t forget to do…= Remember to do… It’s a good idea to do… Doing… is a good way to do… It’s adj. for/of sb. to do... You don’t need to do… You just need to do… You’d better (not) do… It’s better to do…
16.everyday English every day 注意书写是否要空格 17.work in pairs 18.practise doing sth.
Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 need more practice需要更多的练习 19.match A with B 把A和B匹配起来 watch matches 观看比赛
the little match girl 卖火柴的小女孩 a perfect match一个完美的婚姻
20.complete the sentences with the words in the box用方框内的单词完成句子
21.look up new words in a dictionary look up to the sky/me抬头望天空，看我 22.make a mistake / make mistakes
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correct mistakes
a spelling/grammar mistake一个拼写、语法错误 23.understand the grammar
v. understood understanding n. 24.check the spelling of … 25.an excellent student
26.letter 信；字母 Eg. write a letter to sb.给某人写信 =write to
receive a letter from…收到某人的来信 =hear from…
How many letters are there in English? 英语里有几个字母？
Unit2 You should smile at her. 1. have problems in doing sth. solve a problem解决一个问题
ask/answer a question 问问题,回答问题 2. learn vocabulary a large/small vocabulary
enlarge one’s vocabulary扩大词汇量 3. find out查清楚，弄明白 find找的结果
look for找的动作和过程
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eg. Can you find out who broke the window?你能查出是谁打碎了玻璃吗？ My wallet is missing. I tried to look for it everywhere, but I couldn’t find it. 4. ask for advice about/on how to improve English /improving English ask sb. for sth. ask for help / advice
ask/request （要求）sb. (not) to do sth. 5. basic questions/language 6. a great way to learn English. a good way of doing sth.
7. guess the meanings of the new words 8. advise sb. (not) to do sth. 9. be afraid to do sth. be afraid of doing sth.
10. start a conversation with greetings以问候开始谈话 11. Don’t be shy/late. Don’t worry. 12.forget them quickly
13. It’s natural (for sb.) to do sth.
14.I suggest (that) you (should) write four or five words a day on pieces of paper and place/put them in your room.
suggest doing sth. many suggestions 15.My speaking is poor. = I’m not good at speaking.
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16. more often 更频繁
17.an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家 18.all the time一直 19.invite sb.to sp. invite sb.to do sth.
翻译：谢谢你邀请我去看电影。 Thanks for inviting me to the cinema. =Thanks for your invitation to the cinema. 20.read aloud/loudly大声地朗读 aloud一般没有比较等级，
loudly-more loudly-(the) most loudly 21.read for more information
22.Try to use them as much as possible.尽可能多使用它们。 23.in addition to…除了=apart from
In addition to English, we also learn math, Chinese, science and so on. 24.various kinds of = all kinds of各种各样daily life 日常生活 adj. China Daily 《中国日报》 n.
25.chat with sb. freely和某人自由地闲聊 26. several times
Each time I went to Shanghai, I had a new kind feeling of excitement.每次我到上海，都有一种新的兴奋感。
（each time 这里引导的是时间状语从句，相当于一个连词的功能） have a good/hard time
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Module2 My home town and my country Unit1 It’s taller than many other buildings.
1. pretty good pretty=quite adv. adj.= beautiful 2. on the coast 3. a newer city than
4. in fact =actually 5. in the 1980s 在20世纪八十年代
6. get bigger and busier 变得更大更繁华 7. some day= one day
8. as busy as… as…as中间加形容词或副词的原级 Eg. Lucy is as careful as Lily.
Lucy does homework as carefully as Lily. 否定形式 not as/so …as
9. What’s the population of Shenzhen? = How many people are there in Shenzhen? a large/big/small population 中国的人口比印度多。
The population of China is bigger than that of India. China has a larger population than India. China is larger in population than India. There are more people in China than India. 10.over ten million 11. much wider and cleaner
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much, far，a little, even,等可以修饰比较级 比较级的构词方法见P123
部分双音节和多音节词需加more/most 或less/least构成比较等级 beautiful, important, exciting, tired, bored…比较级前面加more或less 不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 good/well -better -best many/much -more -most bad/ill/badly -worse -worst old -elder/older -eldest/oldest little - less - least （修饰不可数名词）
（注意比较few-fewer-fewest 修饰可数名词复数） far -farther/further- farthest/furthest
（farther更远，是指实际可测量的两地距离，further是指抽象的更进一步，如情感、学业、解说等）
eg. More and more parents send their children to America to study further.越来越多的家长把他们孩子送到美国去深造。
12.remember to do sth.
Unit2 Cambridge is a beautiful city in the east of England.
1. east/west/south/north/ northeast东北/southeast东南 / northwest西北 /southwest西南
2. in/on/to the east of… 在…东面（范围之内/领土接壤/隔海相望） Shanghai is in the east of China. Shanghai is on the east coast of China.
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North Korea is on the east of China. Japan is to the east of China.
3. on the River Cam/Thames在康河/泰晤士河河畔
4. have/with a population of…有….人口（注意population本身包涵了人口的含义，不能和people连用）
区分有 have可做谓语动词，with是介词
Eg:China ____ (有)a population of more than 1.3 billion. （has） China is a country ____ (有)a population of more than 1.3 billion.（with） 5. be famous/known for/as…
Jiaxing is famous ____ the Party’s birthplace.(as) Jiaxing is famous ____ the South Lake. (for) 6. old buildings and churches to visit a good place to play a comfortable chair to sit on （ 动词不定时做定语，修饰前面的名词） 7. He walked along the street alone. （注意拼写不要混淆了！） 8. 7.5 million 读作：seven and a half million seven point five million
（表示具体数字，million后面不能加s
millions of （表示大概的数字，既有s又有of，记住“双管齐下”） 10. England itself is part of an island.
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itself反身代词, 表示强调
part of泛指某物的部分，意为不可分割的, eg: Taiwan is part of China. Humans are part of the nature. 10. an island
11. low/high mountains
mountain是指高山，hill 是指低山、丘陵 in a low/loud voice轻声/大声地说 The prices of goods are high/low. = The goods are expensive/cheap.
12. notice sb .doing sth注意到某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行） notice sb. do sth注意到某人做某事（强调整个过程） I noticed her smiling secretly.
= I noticed that she was smiling secretly. 我注意到她在偷偷地笑。 I noticed a man enter the bank. 我注意到一个人进了银行。
13. never…or… = neither… nor…
Eg. He is never late for school or the meeting.他上学从不迟到，开会也不迟到。 14. bring/take an umbrella with…
15. a university 一所大学（ a useful tool） a well-known university 一所著名大学 well-known/better-known/best-known 16.show respect to… n.
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The old are respected by the young in China.在中国老年人受到年轻人的尊敬。V.
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Mudule3 Sports
Unit1 Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis. 1. boring/dull-interesting/exciting dangerous-safe difficult/hard-easy expensive/dear-cheap/inexpensive popular-unpopular 2. on TV
on the radio/telephone/Internet
3. What’s the score (of the baseball /tennis match)? n. Spain scored a minute ago. v. 4. not…at all 根本没…一点儿也不… Not at all. 不客气，没关系
5.What’s the matter/trouble/problem? What’s wrong with…? 6. look tired feel bored/excited/relaxed
make sb. interested/surprised/relaxed 7. hurt one’s knee/leg/arm
hurt oneself vt. My knee hurt(s). 我的膝盖痛。 vi.
8. sb. be sure to do sth. sb.一定会做某事 =sb. be sure that+宾语从句
sb. be sure of / about sth. sb.确认某事,对…有把握 翻译：他们一定会赢这场比赛的。 They are sure to win this match/game.
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They are sure that they will win this match. They are sure of/about this match.
9. Playing tennis is more enjoyable than anything else. =Playing tennis is the most enjoyable. enjoy doing v. enjoy oneself enjoy sth.
enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的 enjoyment n. 愉悦，快乐 10. miss sb.想念某人
miss sth.错过… miss lessons eg. He missed the train.
I missed the chance to thank him. Something is missing/lost. 某物丢了， 11. bad luck 倒霉，不走运 good luck to sb. 祝某人好运 good luck with sb. 祝某事顺利 eg. Good luck with your study. 祝你学业顺利。
a lucky dog 幸运儿 adj. unlucky adj. 不幸的 luckily adv.
unluckily= unfortunately adv.不幸的是
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She was lucky to buy the last ticket.
Luckily, she bought the last ticket. Unluckily, he was hurt badly. 12. Never mind. mind doing介意做某事
-Would you mind closing the door? -Not at all.
Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我抽烟吗？ I’m afraid you’d better not./ No, please go ahead. keep sth. in mind记住…
make up one’s mind to do sth.决心干某事 13.plenty of
There are plenty of men out of work. 有很多人失业。 We have plenty of time to finish the job.
14. win/lose the game/match lose to sb. 输给某人
defeat/beat sb./ the team打败某人
Unit2 This year we are training more carefully. 1.train hard 2. play against sb./one’s team
Cheating is against the rules. 作弊是违反规定的。 Please put the ladder against the wall.
3. as early as we can/could=as early as possible
4. (1)so that引导目的状语从句，其从句中的谓语动词通常和can, may, should
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等情态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不使用逗号，意为“以便，为了，使能够”。
Eg: 1) They got up early so that they could catch the early bus. 为了能赶上早班车，他们早早就起床了。
2) Speak slowly so that I can understand you.
(2) so…that…引导的是表示结果的状语从句,so后面加形容词或副词，其意为“如此……以至于……”。
Eg:1) This book is so interesting that everyone wants to read it. 这本书这么有趣，每个人都想看。
2)He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.他跑得这么快，我跟不上他。
3)The workers did so well that the boss was pleased with them. 这些个人干的很漂亮，老板对他们很满意。
5. warm up
You had better warm up before matches. 比赛前你最好做些热身运动。
He blew on his hands to warm them up. 他冲着双手哈气，好让手暖和些。 It is warm in spring in my town. 6. than usual as usual
He got up earlier ______. (than usual) He got up as early_____.( as usual) an unusual experience一次非同寻常的经历 usually adv. 通常，经常
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7. beat sb. 打败某人 =defeat sb. beat-beat-beaten
beat other teams 打败其他队
lose to sb./ their team 输给某人，其他队 win the match/game/race win-won-won
winner n. ，胜利者，冠军
8. get dark/long/angry （天）变暗，变长，变得生气 9. be late for after-school practice after-school activities 课后活动 11. care n.
take （good）care of=look after…（well）
careful-careless useful-useless helpful-helpless
He does his homework so carelessly that he often makes plenty of mistakes. 11.the final match
finally= at last=in the end最后，终于 12.What a pity!=That’s a pity!多么可惜啊！
13.have a good/poor chance of doing/to do sth. 有（没有）做某事的机会 14. fan club
a fan of football足球迷 an electric fan一个电扇 15. have sb. around 有某人在身边，有某人支持
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16.cheer sb. on loudly大声地为…欢呼加油 cheer for sb. 为某人喝彩，加油 Cheers! 干杯！
17.feel confident adj. have confidence to do sth. n.
Those (who are more confident) (定语从句，修饰前面的先行词those) will make themselves more successful.那些更自信的人会更成功。
18.反义词 badly-well carefully-carelessly early-late
quickly-slowly loudly/noisily-quietly 19. take part in the race 20. go jogging= run slowly
21. sports clothes （注意clothes是衣物的总称，是复数，前面不能加a） running shoes 跑鞋 22.in the countryside在乡下 23. in the fresh air在新鲜的空气中
24. The more you go jogging, the healthier you will feel.你慢跑得越多，你会觉得越健康。
The more books you read, the wiser you are. 你书看得越多，你越明智。 25.prefer A to B (preferred-preferred)
A和B相比,更喜欢A I prefer pop music to classical music.
prefer doing A to doing B
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I prefer driving there to taking a bus. prefer to do rather than do
I prefer to drive there rather than take a bus. 26. an important Olympic sport 27. Greece-Greek希腊 Persia- Persian 波斯 Iran-Iranian 伊朗 28. keep fit/healthy保持健康
Doing sports is good for your health. 29. stop to do sth.停下来干某事 stopping doing sth.停止干某事
We were tired after working for a whole morning, so we decided to stop to have a rest.我们工作一上午之后很累，所以决定停下来休息一下。
The students stopped talking when the teaches came in.当老师进来的时候，学生们停止讲话了。
30.later on 后来
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Module4 Planes,ships and trains Unit 1 重点短语
1. an accident 一次事故
a road accident 道路交通事故
2. how often多久一次（用频度副词来回答）
how soon多久以后（用in+一段时间提问，一般是一般将来时） how far 多远（提问路程多远） how long多久、多长 3. take part in 参加
4. close to 靠近、接近 far (away) from 远离、离…..远 5. much \\heavy traffic 交通拥堵、拥挤
6. except sb. 除了某人 as much as 与……一样多 7. the same as 与…..一样 be different from 与…..不同 8. 别担心 don't worry
9. take the\\a bus =by bus 乘公共汽车 take a taxi= by taxi 乘出租车 take a plane = by plane\\air 乘飞机 take a train =by train 乘火车 ride a bike =by bike 坐自行车 walk to = go to …on foot 走路/步行 He usually takes a bus to school.
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= He goes to school by bus. 10. all the time 一只，总是 11. most of..... 大部分..... 重点句子
1.He lives the farthest from school. 他住得离学校最远。 2. What happened? 怎么了？
3. There was a road accident, and the traffic was very heavy. 路上发生了事故，交通很拥堵。
4. But nobody was late, except me. 但除了我没有人迟到。 5. I was late for school today.今天我上学迟到了。 6. What happened? 怎么了？ 7.
There was a road accident , and the traffic was very heavy.路上出了一起交通事故，交通很堵塞。
8. It’s the most comfortable way, but it’s also the most expensive. 这是最舒适的方式，但它也是最昂贵的。
9. That’s a good choice, but it’s a bit dangerous. There’s so much traffic.
那是个不错的选择，但有点危险。交通那么拥挤。
① He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the underground.
他住的离学校最远，因此他做地铁。
② Her home is the closest to school, so she walks. 她的家离
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学校最近，因此她步行。
Unit 2 重点短语
1. 打算做某事 plan to do 2. book the ticket 订票
3. an eight-year-old boy 一个八岁大的男孩 4. have/has/had to do sth.不得不去做某事 5. because of由于 + 名词（短语）、代词 because +句子
6. get here\here\\home 到达这里\\那里\\家 7. luck(n.)→lucky(adj.)→luckily(adv.) 8.. care(n.)→careful(adj.)→carefully(adv.) 9. have a nice trip 旅途愉快
10. most of …… ……的大部分 wait for 等候 11. It takes\ook sb. some time\\money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间\\多少钱去做某事。 1. the second cheapest\\longest 第二便宜\\长 2. 穿越 go across
3. 其他的某个地方 somewhere else 4. 感谢....... thanks for
5. 旅行的最佳方式 the best way to travel
14. 反意疑问句：前肯后否、前否后肯，反意疑问句必须换成主语的代词，谓语动词在时态和人称
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上要保持一致。
表示否定意义的词：never/hardly/few/little/nothing/ /no ① there be→be there? (be 有不同) ② You’d better→hadn’t you? ③ Let’s→shall we? ④ Let us→will you? ⑤ 祈使句→will you?
⑥ 一般现在时→do/does +主语? ⑦ 现在进行时→am/is/are +主语? ⑧ 一般过去时→did +主语? ⑨ 过去进行时→was/were+ 主语? ⑩ 情态动词→情态动词 +主语?
若是前否后肯，那么yes翻译成“不”，no翻译成“是”。 重点句子： 1.
Read the passage and number the ways of travelling from the most expensive to the least
expensive. 阅读短文，按从最昂贵到最便宜的旅行方式的顺序依次写上数字。 1. How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel? 旅途花多长时间，最好的出行方式是什么？
2. The more information , the better. 信息越多越好。
3. A journey by train is more relaxing than by coach, but a lot more expensive. 乘火车旅行比长途汽车更令人放松，但也贵得多。
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4. This is the most comfortable way to travel but also the most expensive.
这是组舒服的方式当然也是最贵的方式。
5. Book your ticket before you book your hotel. 订旅馆之前，要先订票。
6. Remember that parking in Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay outside the city centre and travel in by bus or by train. 记住，在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵，因此住在市中心外面，坐公共汽车或火车去里面旅行。
7. And it takes you about twelve hours to get there. 并且你要花大约12个小时才能达到那里。
8. However, it will not cost as much as going by train. 然而，它不像乘火车一样花费那么多。
9. It
is the fastest and the second cheapest, but you may have to wait for hours at the airport because of bad weather. 它是最快的且是第二便宜的，但因为恶劣的天气你可能必须在机场等数小时。 10. Have a nice trip! 祝你旅途快乐！ Unit 3 重点短语
1. 匆忙 in a hurry 2. 不得不 have to do
3. 其他的某个地方 somewhere else
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重点句子
1. Is it better to go to Shanghai first, or can we go from xi'an to Hangzhou directly?
是先去上海更好还是我们可以直接从西安去杭州？ 2. What do you think? 你认为呢？ 3. Thanks for your help. 感谢你的帮忙。
4. After Beijng, we want to visit xi'an and Hangzhou, and maybe somewhere else.
游览完北京后，我们想旅游西安和杭州，也许还有其他的什么地方。 5. Which is the fastest way? 最快的方式是哪一种？
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Module 5
一． 重点短语：
1.主要的事情 2.不知道 3.主动提出做---- 给某人提供、提议什么 4.带某人去----- 5.最后 6.下次 7.因---以---对谁--而出名 8.在中国社会 9. 平民老百姓的生活 10.从19世纪末到二十世纪中期
11.把某人送到某地 12.毕业后 13. 回到中国 14.被称为--- 15.在老舍茶馆 16.热情欢迎--- 17.发生 18.中国最伟大的作家之一 19.二十世纪前半期 20.思考社会
21.一个很好的选择 22.对---正合适，适合于--- 23.把---演的活灵活现，演的逼真 24.表现的相当出色，做的很棒 25.茶馆的主人 26.同时
27.现代中国 28.对人们的生活了解了许多 29.大约公元前600年
1.the main thing 2.have no idea
3.offer to do sth offer sb sth =offer sth to sb 4.take sb to some place 5.at last/in the end 6.next time 7.be famous for ---as ---to sb
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8.in Chinese society 9.the lives of common people
10.from the end of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century
11.send sb to ---12.after finishing school 13.return to China =come /go back to China 14.be named ---15.at Lao She Teahouse 16.give a welcome to sb 17.take place
18.one of China’s greatest writers 19.the first half of the twentieth century
20.think about society 21.a very good choice
22.be right for ---23.bring----to life 24.do a very good job 25.the owner of the teahouse 26.at the same time 27.modern china 28.learn a lot about people’s lives 29.around 600BC 三 重点句型
1.我想看京剧所以玲玲主动提出带我去那里 2.京剧的戏词很难懂，但男演员和女演员很棒。
3.我们本来计划只看一个小时，但最后我们待了三个小时。 4.我希望下次懂更多点。他的希望是下次懂的更多。 5.1918年毕业后，他成为一所小学的校长。 6.老舍是个伟大的作家，他尤其以他的话剧茶馆出名 7.贝蒂去了茶馆后了解了老舍 8.茶馆是老舍最著名的戏剧之一。
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9.它描述的是中国社会50多年的变化。 10.他妈妈在1913年把他送到了一个师范学校。
1.I wanted to see the Beijing Opera ,so Lingling offered to take me there. 2.The words of the opera were difficult to understand,but the actors and actresses were excellent. 3.we only planned to watch for an hour,but in the end we stayed for three hours.
4.I hope to understand more next time. His hope is to understand more next time.
5.After finishing school in 1918, he became a head teacher of a primary school.
6.Lao She is a great writer , and he’s especially famous for his play Teahouse.
7.Betty knew about Lao She after she went to the teahouse/after going to the teahouse.
8.Teahouse is one of Lao She’s most famous plays.
9.It describes the changes in Chinese society over fifty years. 10.His mother sent him to a teacher’s school in 1913. 11.大家很容易理解这个故事和看到中国社会的变化 12.他在伦敦的一所大学里教汉语并且在五年后回到了中国。
13.他写了许多关于人民生活的戏剧，小说，短故事，被称为“人民艺术家” 14.老舍是20世纪最伟大的作家之一。
15.在今天的老舍茶馆，顾客可以边喝茶边吃可口的北京食品。
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16.如果你喜欢传统音乐和魔术表演，你可以在茶馆欣赏它们。 17.老舍茶馆热情欢迎来自世界各地的每一个人。 18.鲁迅希望帮助中国人民变得健康和强壮。 19.所以他决定成为一个医生。
20.几年后，他开始写短篇小说，因为他想教人们了解社会
11.It’s easy for everyone to understand the story and see the changes in Chinese society.
12.He taught Chinese at a college in London and returned to China five years later.
13.He wrote many plays ,novels and short stories about people’s lives, and was named “the People’s Artist”. 14.Lao She is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the twentieth century. 15.At Lao She Teahouse today, customers can drink tea and eat delicious Beijing food.
16.If you like the Beijing Opea, traditional music or magic shows, you can enjoy them at the teahouse.
17.Lao She Teahouse gives a warm welcome to everyone from all over the world.
18.LuXun hoped to help the Chinese people become healthy and strong. 19.So he decided to be /become a doctor.
20.After a few years/ A few years later, he began/started to write short stories, because he wanted to teach people about society.
21.它描述的是阿Q的艰辛生活并且使人们对社会进行思考。
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22.在二十世纪二十年代，人们开始把他的作品翻译成英语。 23.本年度的学校戏剧是个很好的选择。
24.对于约100年前中国人民的生活我们了解了很多。 25.男女演员们都表现得相当出色。
26.李楠，那个扮演王立发的学生，是最出色的。 27.他把从青年到老年的王立发演的活灵活现。
21.It describes the hard life of Ah Q and makes people think about society. 22.In the 1920s, people began to translate his works into English. 23.This year’s school play was a very good choice.
24.We learnt a lot about people’s lives in China some /about/aroundone hundred years ago.
25.The actors and actresses all did a very good job. 26.Li Nan . the student playing Wang Lifa, was the best. 27.He brought Wang Lifa to life, from young man to an old man.
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Module6 Animals in danger
Unit1 It allows people to get closer to them. 1. animals in danger
= endangered animals 濒危动物 endanger vt. 使…处于危险之中
endangered adj. 处于危险之中的 （过去分词变来的形容词） in danger处于危险之中 out of danger 摆脱危险
danger-safety n. dangerous-safe adj. 2. allow sb. to do sth. 同意、允许某人做某事 Some snakes allow people to touch them. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
We are not allowed to eat junk food (垃圾食品) in the classroom. agree to do sth. disagree vi. 不同意 agree with sb. agreement n. 3. get close(r) to…
4. sb. be interested to do sth.
= It be interesting for sb. to do sth. (it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式是真正的主语)
Sb. be interested in (doing) sth.
take/ have/ show interest in (doing) sth.对…感兴趣
He is reading the latest novel by Mo Yan with great interest.（介词短语做状语修饰动词reading）
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他饶有兴趣地阅读莫言的最新小说。 5. think of
He is sad to think of his dead pet.
=It is sad (for him) to think of his dead pet. What do you think of the nature park? =How you do you like …?
5. We need to protect animals. sb. need to do sth. sb. need sth./sb.
sth. need doing= sth. need to be done The floor needs sweeping. = The floor needs to be swept. wild animals adj.
in the wild n. in (the) nature 在自然界 It’s natural for everyone to make miskates. grow big /small/ tall/ old
eg: You are growing taller day by day while I’m growing older year by year. 你们在一天天地长高而我在一年一年地变老。 They grow vegetables in the backyard. 9. take away 带走，拿走 put away收拾起来放好 run away 逃跑 throw away 扔掉
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(be) far away from…离…很遥远 send sb. away把某人打发走；解雇某人 blow away 吹走 10. enough (adj.) + n. adj./adv. + enough (adv.)
Pandas don’t have enough bamboo to eat. She doesn’t have enough money to buy a flat. He is strong enough to lift the heavy box. He can run fast enough to catch a train. 11. live in peace= live peacefully 12. notice n.注意；布告；通知；预告 v.通知；留心；关照；注意到
The notice says,” We need your help.”布告上写着…. notice sb. do sth (强调整个过程或经常性的动作) notice sb. doing sth.（强调动作正在进行） I often notice her help him with English after class.
I noticed her smiling secretly in the corner just now. 我刚才注意到她在角落里偷偷地笑。
13. look after sb. well = take good care of sb.
14. We can give money in order to/to help protect the animals. 15. raise money 筹钱 （举手） If you know the answer, please raise your hand.
Let’s find out what else we can do to save as many animals as possible.
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find out查明、搞清楚事情的，找到、算出问题的答案 The teacher found out it was Tony who broke the vase.
find找到丢失的物品或失踪的人物(找的结果)
look for 寻找（找的动作） I looked for my wallet everywhere, but I couldn’t find it.
17. share sth. with sb.
Would you like to share your umbrella with me? 18.It makes me mad! make…adj. make sb. do The boss made him work 12 hours a day.
19. It isn’t right to kill animals to make money/ for money. 为了挣钱而杀戮动物是不对的。
20. help n. [U] v.
Thanks for your help.= Thanks for helping me. help sb. do sth.= help sb. with sth. help (to) do sth.
Unit2 The WWF is working hard to save them all.
1. WWF is short for the World Wide Fund for Nature. 是…简称，缩略形式 2. The number of pandas is the smallest, so pandas are one of the animals most in danger. 熊猫的数量是最少的，因此他们是最濒危的动物之一。
3. research n. 研究, 调查 do a lot of research
research centres 研究中心
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4.The situation is getting difficult/serious. 5. They mainly feed on/live on bamboo. 【U】 他们主要以竹子为食。
Sheep feed on grass. 绵羊以草为食。
6. In order to protect pandas in the wild, the government is setting up nature parks and developing other plans.
同义句转换 He got up early this morning in order to/ so as to/to catch the early bus.
=He got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus. 7.You aren’t allowed to feed the animals in the zoo. feed-fed-fed be fed up with…= be tired of 对…感到厌烦 8. pandas born in zoos 出生在动物园里的熊猫 （过去分词短语做定语）
9.have enough food to eat and enough places to live (动词不定式做定语) 10.choose sb. to do sth.
It chose the panda to be its symbol. =It chose the panda as its symbol. The panda is a/the symbol of China. The rose is the symbol of love. 11. worry about… 侧重动作 be worried about… 侧重状态
12.make a better life for sb. 13.It’s hard to believe that there are only about 100 South China tigers left on
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earth.很难相信地球上大约只剩100只华南虎了。
（left是过去分词短语做定语） 10. stop to do sth. 停下来做某事
He was so tired that he had to stop to have a rest. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Stop talking. It’s time for class.
stop sb. (from) doing sth.=keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 She tried to stop them throwing litter about. at the bus stop come to a stop 停下来
Unluckily, the bus hit the fence(栅栏) and came to a stop suddenly. 15. help animals live safely 16. wildlife club野生动物俱乐部
17.例如 for example(后接句子)； such as (后接名词、动名词短语，注意前面不能用句号断开)
Eg：I have many hobbies such as listening to music and seeing films.
I have many hobbies. For example, I enjoy listening to music. 18. in the wild 在野外
19. provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. to sb.=offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.提供某人某物
20. There be sb. doing sth.有某人正在干什么 There are lots of scientists working at the zoo.
There are big crowds of people shopping in the mall. 购物中心有很多人群在
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购物。
21. disagree with sb. 不同意某人的观点 22. a lot more relaxing 放松得多
23. stay/keep healthy/fit/happy/cool/calm 24.fly over the head 从头顶飞过 25. be careful with…对…小心翼翼
Please be careful with the glass because it’s easy to break. 26.at the top of the Empire State在帝国大厦顶部 27.a warm current 一股暖流 28. in the cold waters 在寒冷的水域 29. The penguins were too sick to travel. 这些企鹅病得太严重了不能旅行了。 He is too young to care for himself. 他太小了，并不能照顾自己。
=He isn’t old enough to look after himself. = He is so young that he can’t take care of himself. 30. die- died- died v.
dying adj. 垂死挣扎的，奄奄一息的 dead adj. death n.
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Module7 A famous story
Unit1 Alice was sitting with her sister by the river. 1. a girl called Alice 2. sit by the river
a table of four by the window 靠窗的四人座的桌子
3. a white rabbit with pink eyes a lovely girl with big eyes 4. run past/by （后可接宾语） 5. follow sb./sth.
(1) go after …跟着某人
A man is following / going after her. (2) 听从；遵循规则、章程 follow one’s advice/school rules （3）理解
Don’t speak quickly, or I can’t follow you. 6.fall- fell -fallen 跌倒
fall down/into the hole掉到洞里 fall down from…= fall off…从某地跌倒 昨天她从自行车上跌下来。
She fell down from / fell off the bike yesterday. Look！The falling leaves are like butterflies. The ground is covered with fallen leaves.
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feel- felt-felt感觉，感到;摸起来 7.注意区分介词 in 和on
1)There is a huge hole in the ground. 2)There is a dog lying on the ground. 3)Please put up the clock on the wall.
4)There are four big windows in the wall of the classroom.教室的墙上有四扇大窗。
5)There are plenty of apples on the tree. 6)My kite is high in the tree. Can you help me? 8. smile at sb. 朝某人微笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
9.arrive at/in =get to= reach后接地点 不接地点的时候用arrive
They were fighting when we arrived. 10. have/go to a tea party at a party/meeting
11. play a strange game
strange= unusual stranger n.
12.Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland 《爱丽丝梦游奇境》 take/have adventures 去冒险 adventure stories 冒险故事 character [ˈkærəktə(r)] n. 角色
the Mad Hatter疯帽匠 the March Hare 三月兔 the White Rabbit the Cheshire Cat 柴郡猫 the Queen of Hearts 红桃王后
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13. if “如果”，引导条件状语从句（主将从现） “是否”，引导宾语从句（陈述句语序） 1) 如果明天不下雨，我去逛街。 If it doesn’t rain, I’ll go shopping.
= I’ll go shopping if it isn’t rainy tomorrow. 2) 我想知道今天你是否上班迟到了。
I want to know if you were late for work today. 14. do an interview 做一个采访
15. a place where rabbits live一个兔子居住的地方 Unit 2 She was thinking about her cat.
1. get tired/bored/excited/frightened(害怕的) 2.have nothing to do
3. once or twice 偶尔；不时的 sooner or later迟早
If you don’t listen to me, you’ll regret sooner or later.如果你不听我的，迟早会后悔。
4. look into 往…里看；浏览；调查
The government promised to look into the matter. 5. what… for=why What do you study hard for ? = Why do you study hard ?
6. a book without pictures or conversations Without air or water, men can’t live on Earth.
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= Men can’t live on Earth without air or water. 7. think of sb./sth.想念某人或某物
think of/about doing sth. think hard 使劲想 think it over仔细考虑 Think twice before you leap.三思而后行。 8. nothing strange 没什么奇怪的事情 someone famous 名人 somewhere warm 暖和的地方 （形容词修饰不定代词，位置放后面） 今天的报纸没什么新内容。
There is nothing new in today’s newspaper. 9.区分
hear/see sb. do sth.
听到或看到某人做了某事全过程或经常做某事 hear /see sb. doing sth. 听到或看到某人正在做某事
类似的动词还有feel/ watch / look at / listen to/notice/find 1) 我经常听到小鸟在树上唱歌。 I often hear little birds sing in the tree. 2) 我爷爷经常看我弹琴。
My grandpa often watches me play the piano. 3) 昨天当我到家时，我看见妈妈在用萝卜喂兔子。
When I got home yesterday, I saw my mum feeding the rabbit with a carrot. 4) She heard some kids ______ (sing) when she returned to the school.
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(singing)
5) I saw his wallet _____ (fall) onto the ground. (fall)
10.She thought it was strange.(否定句) She didn’t think it was strange.(否定前移) 我认为他是不对的。 I don’t think he is right.
11. take sth. out of / from… 从…拿出…
He took some coins out of/from his pocket quickly. 他快速地从口袋掏出几个硬币。
12.get up 起床；起身
13. run across the field/square/river/road/street run through the forest/city/gate/hole 注意 across 横穿；穿过平面 go across=cross through穿过一个空间 run after=chase追赶 她正追着那个男人横过马路。
She is running across the road after the man. 一只鸟追着一只蜜蜂从窗子飞出去了。
A bird flew through the window after the bee. 15. go down a hole
16. It was too dark for her to see anything. 太黑了….什么都看不见
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结构： too +形、副（for sb.) + to do sth. =… enough to do sth.
= so/such…that…（句子用否定形式） 对动物来说，这水太脏了不能喝。
The water is too dirty for animals to drink =The water is so dirty that animals can’t drink it. 这问题对我来说太难回答。
This question is too difficult for me to answer. This question is so difficult that I can’t answer it. 这件外套对他来说太大不能穿。 This coat is too large for him to wear. = This coat is so large that he can’t wear it. It is such a large coat that he can’t wear it.
17. She never thought about how she was going to get out again. how 引导的句子作宾语从句时，用陈述句结构。 如： 我不知道他在哪里。 I don’t know where he is.
转换成 She never thought about how to get out again. how+动词不定式 做about的宾语 18. think about 考虑 （thought- thought）
think of 想起,认为 What do you think of…? think over 仔细考虑 think it over 考虑再三 19. land n. vi.
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The elephant is the largest land animal. =The elephant is the largest animal on land. The plane landed safely at last.
land on some dry leaves 落在一些干树叶上 20.with 用
She opened the door with the key.
He bought himself a suit with his pocket money. 21. go off (灯) 熄灭
22. call sb. up = ring sb. (up) = telephone/phone/call sb.
= give sb. a ring/ phone 给某人打电话 23. when和 while的区分 延续性动词和瞬间动词：
延续性动词指一个可以持续一段时间的动作，比如：work, study, swim, walk, run, wait, stay, sleep等。
瞬间动词指一个动作一开始就结束了，常见的如：open, close, go, come, get +…短语, leave, arrive, borrow, buy, die,等。
跟在while后面的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词； Please look after my cat while we’re away. I fell asleep while I was reading a novel.
when后面从句中的动词一般是瞬间动词的，有时也有延续性动词。 Breakfast was ready when I got up. When I left home, it began to rain.
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24.区分 That’s because…那是因为…… That’s why… 那就是……的原因。
1) He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come to school yesterday. 2) He didn’t come to school yesterday. That’s because he was ill. 25. 祈使句，or （否则）/and…
1) Work hard, or you won’t pass the exam. = Work hard, and you will pass the exam.
2) Be quick, or you will miss the train. = Be quick, and you won’t miss the train. 26. … before it’s done= before it is done 27. knock on/at the door/window knock over the milk 把牛奶打翻 28.take place 发生
take the place of…=take one’s place代替 He is busy. I’ll take his place.
29. This is the stupidest/ the most stupid tea party I’ve ever been to in all my life.
30. The stories passed from generation to generation. 这些故事代代相传。 generation gap 代沟 31. entertain 招待，款待
entertainment n. 招待，款待; 娱乐 entertaining adj.
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Module8 Accidents
Unit1 While the lights were changing into red, a car suddenly appeared.. 1. sb. have an accident = an accident happen to sb. 某人发生了意外
a traffic/road accident 一场道路交通事故 2. talk on the/one’s mobile/cell phone 3. look pale/tired/excited/unhappy…
类似的感官动词：sound听起来 smell闻起来 taste尝起来 feel 摸起来；感觉，感到
联系动词 seem 似乎 become/get/turn 变得 keep/stay happy/healthy/fit/calm/cool/still 4. ride a bike/e-bike/motorbike/horse/camel 5. wait to do sth.
can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事 He couldn’t wait to open his present. 6.cross the road= go/walk across the road 7. appear vi. 出现 disappear vi. 消失 appearance n. 外表，外貌
(1)The sun appeared from behind the clouds after the sudden heavy rain. 突如其来的大雨过后，太阳从云背后钻出来了。 (2)He quickly disappeared in the darkness. 他很快消失在黑暗中。
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(3)Don’t judge a person by his appearance. 不能以貌取人。 8. 注意介词的区分
(1)A car appeared/ came round/around the corner.
(2)The newsstand(报刊亭) is on/at the corner of the street. (3)He was crying sadly in the corner of his room. 9.hit-hit-hit hitting
(1)He was driving carelessly along the road when he suddenly hit the lamp post on the right.
他正粗心地沿着公路开车，突然撞到了右边的灯柱。 (2) She is hitting the box with a hammer(锤子). (3)The song became a big hit in 1945. 这首歌在1945年风靡大江南北。
n. 成功而轰动（或风行）一时的事物（如唱片、电影或戏剧） 10. in time 及时 on time 准时
(1)The ambulance arrived in time and sent him to hospital. 救护车及时到达并把他送到医院去了。
(2) Being on time is a good virture.准时是一种美德。 11. fall off = fall down from (fell) fall off a tree/bike/ladder(梯子) feel- felt fall down 摔倒 12. hurt-hurt-hurt
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(1)He hurt his knee. vt. 弄痛、弄伤 (2)His knee hurts badly. vt. 感到疼痛 (3)His knee gets/is hurt. adj. 受伤的 hurt oneself
(4)Be careful not to hurt yourself with the sharp knife.小心不要用那把刀子伤了你自己。
13. pain n. painful adj. painfully adv. He is in great pain.=He is very painful. He cried in a lot of pain. =He cried painfully.
14. think about考虑 (thought) think of 想起，想出；认为 think over 仔细考虑 think hard 努力思考
15. take a risk take risks 冒险 take the risk of (doing) sth. at the risk of doing sth.
When you’re on your bike, think about the risk of an accident. He jumped into the river to save her at the risk of losing his own life. = He took the risk of losing his own life to jump into the river to save her. 他冒着失去自己的生命的危险，跳进河里救她。 16. pay attention to (doing) sth. pay little/no attention to…不重视
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pay much/great attention to… 非常重视 17.side by side 肩并肩 hand in hand 手牵着手 arm in arm 胳膊挽着胳膊 neck and neck 并驾齐驱 18.at traffic lights 在红绿灯处 obey traffic rules 遵守交通规则
Unit 2 I was trying to pick it up when it bit me again. 2. use sth. to do = do sth. with….用…做… We use our ears to listen.=We listen with our ears. 2.bite-bit-bitten biting v.
bite one’s hand= bite sb. in the hand
He took another bite of apple. 他又咬了一口苹果。 3. a few days earlier/ ago 几天前 several days later= after some days 几天后 4. climb out (of…) 反义词 climb into… go climbing 去爬山 climber 登山运动员
5. pick up 捡起某物；自己慢慢爬起来；接载某人；学会 (1)He picked his cap up from the floor.
(2)He picked himself up and went on running along the track. 他自己慢慢爬起来，沿着跑道继续跑下去。 (3) I’ll pick you up at your office.
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(4) She picked up French by herself at the age of 60. 她60岁的时候开始自学法语。
pick flowers/apples/cotton/corn 摘花、摘苹果、摘棉花、摘玉米 6. throw… across the kitchen (threw) throw…away 把……扔掉
He threw his arms around the shoulders of his son. 他一把搂住他儿子的肩膀。
What a pity that Quyuan threw himself into the Miluo River! 屈原跳进汨罗江，真是太遗憾了！
7. land on the table
8. hide-hid-hidden hiding
(1)Go and find the cat. It is hiding behind the door. (2)She hid her face in her hands and cried sadly. 她用双手捂住脸，伤心的哭了起来。
(3) Let’s play hide and seek(躲喵喵), shall we? 9.区分while, when和as，引导时间状语从句 while 的用法
(1)两个句子都是进行时态
I am talking while you are listening now.
My mother was cooking in the kitchen while my father was reading newspapers in the sofa at six last night.
(2) while引导的句子中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或be+adj./adv.
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Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
Would you like to look after my house while I am away? (3)“然而”，表示对照、转折 Lily is active while Lucy is quiet. (4) n. 一段时间
After a while, the rain stopped. when 的用法
(1)I was having dinner when there was a knock on the door. When Ms Gu came in, Tim was crying in the corner. (2) It began to rain when he just arrived home. (3) I will let you know when she comes.（主将从现） (4) The train had left when he got to the station. as的用法
(1)As he was lying there in great pain, Henry suddenly remembered the photo.
(2)The girl sings as she goes to school.
(3)As time went by, she became more and more beautiful . (4)Just as the flying ball hit her face, she gave a loud cry. 10. as soon as 一……就
(1)I always fill my stomach with some snacks as soon as I reach home. (2) He began to do his homework as soon as he arrived home. (3)I will let you know as soon as she comes. （主将从现） 11.hurt badly
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12. hurry to hospital= go to hospital in a hurry leave hospital出院 13.get worse 15. what kind of snake
16.give/take the right medicine a medical school 一所医学院 17. the next/following day 第二天 18. advise sb. to do sth. suggest doing
19. show sb. sth/=show sth. to sb.
20. as you know as we (all) know 众所周知 21. (1)if “如果”，引导条件状语从句
If it doesn’t rain tonight, we’ll go jogging in the park. (2)if “是否”，引导宾语从句
Tony asked Lingling so many questions to see if she still remembered the story.
I have no idea if she will come tomorrow.我不知道明天她是否会来。 22. get read for= prepare for 为…….做准备
(1)Are you getting ready for the coming final exam? 你在为即将到来的期末考试做准备吗？
(2)Come on！Supper is ready.快来，晚饭准备好了! (3)Are you ready to start? 你准备好出发了吗？
23.on the way home from school/work 在放学、下班回家路上
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24. as usual 和…….往常一样 than usual 比往常更…….
(1)I found him in the garden, dreaming away as usual. 我发现他像平日一样在花园里做着好梦.
(2)He got up earlier than usual to catch the first train. 25. kind-hearted adj. 仁慈的，好心的，善良的 warm-hearted adj. 热心的，富有同情心的 cold-hearted adj. 冷淡的，无情的，铁石心肠的 26. good/bad luck n.
lucky adj. lucky number/star 幸运数字、幸运星 luckily adv. 27.promise to do sth.
28. an emergency landing 紧急降落 29.take off 脱下；起飞 30.决定做某事
make a decision to do sth. decide to do sth.
make up one’s mind to do sth. 31. avoid (doing) sth. [əˈvɔɪd] v.避免
She is always careful to avoid mistakes/accidents. She chose to stay at home to avoid meeting others. 32. a terrible disaster [dɪˈzɑ:stə(r)]
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一场可怕的灾难
33.crew [kru:] n. 机组成员，全体船员 34. stay/keep calm/cool 保持冷静 [中考链接]
1. —What did the teacher say just now? — Sorry. I didn’t catch it. I ____ something else.
A. think B. will think C. was thinking D. had thought
2. When I came back yesterday evening, my brother _____ his homework. A. is doing B. has done C. was doing 3. Mrs White ____dinner when her son came home. A. is cooking B. was cooking C. are cooking D. were cooking Keys: CCB
1. —Did you see Mr. Black just now? —Yes. He ____ his car when I met him. A. parked B. was parking C. parks D. will park
2. The girl suddenly fell ______ the bike and I sent her to hospital at once. A. on B. of C. off D. to
3. Yesterday evening, I was walking along the street _______ I suddenly met my maths teacher.
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A. when B. while C. but 4. — Where were you at 7:00 last night? — I _____ to my mom at home.
A. write B. was writing C. wrote Keys: BCAB 范文：
One day, when Bill was walking along the street slowly, a black dog suddenly appeared and bit his left leg. There was a little blood on it and Bill was in great pain/ felt very painful.
A few days earlier the dog arrived from the country in an old car. It was new here and not friendly to everyone. When Bill was trying to pick up a stone to throw at it, it bit him again. Bill had to cry for help. Luckily, someone heard him and helped to drive the frightening dog away with a stick. After he said thanks, Bill hurried to hospital alone.
While the doctor was checking him, his pain even got worse. As soon as Bill took the right medicine, he felt better and left hospital soon.
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Module9 Population
Unit1 The population of China is about 1.37 billion.(读作one point three seven billion或one point thirty-seven)
1. China has a population of about 1.37 billion. =China has about 1.37 billion people.
=There are around 1.37 billion people in China. （注意population与people不连用） 划线提问
What’s the population of China? =How many people does China have? =How many people are there in China? a large/big/small population 翻译：重庆的人口比北京多。
Chongqing has a larger/bigger population than Beijing.
The population of Chongqing is larger/bigger than that of Beijing. Half of the population in the town are farmers. 2. prepare (sth.) for…= get (sth.) ready for… note n. 笔记；便笺；钞票；音符；声调，语气 vt. 注意；记录；对…加注释；指出 take/write/make notes 做笔记
3. a report called the growing/increasing population 过去分词短语做定语 grow-grew-grown v.增长(大);生长;种植;长高,变老
4. We’re in the right place to talk about…正是谈论…的恰当时机。
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5. cause problems/trouble/worry vt. 成为…的原因;导致;引起;使遭受
cause sb sth.=cause sth. to sb. (后接双宾语) cause sb./sth. to do （宾语补足语）
Driving carelessly is likely to cause accidents. 粗心大意的驾驶可能导致车祸。
His rude behavior caused him a lot of trouble. n. 原因;动机;(某种行为、感情等的)理由;缘故
Smoking is the biggest preventable cause of death and disease.在可以预防的引发死亡和疾病的因素当中，吸烟排在第一位。
6.too much traffic/noise/rubbish/pollution too many cars/problems/flats/pupils pollute [pəˈlu:t] vt. 污染
The air is heavily/seriously polluted. 空气被严重污染了。 noise n. [U] 噪音；[C]声音 noisy adj. noisily adv.
Don’t make a noise.或Don’t make any noise.
I can’t stand（忍受）the ____ in the classroom because it’s too_____. They are talking _____.
7. population increase [ˈinkri:s] n. [ɪnˈkri:s] v.
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增加，增大，增多 ; 增强，增进,提高 an increase in population 人口增长
The world’s population/The population of the world is still increasing. 8. That makes over 131.4 million births a year. 那就造成每年一亿三千一百四十万的婴儿出生。 注意大数字的读法
one hundred and thirty-one point four million What makes a good League member? 优秀的团员应具备什么样品质? give birth to sb. 生下某人
9.分数的读法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1的时候，分母要加s 五分之一： a/one fifth 五分之二： two fifths
四分之一： a/one fourth (a quarter) 四分之三： three fourths (three quarters) 二分之一： a/one second (a half) 三分之二： two thirds
分数/百分比+of+名词作主语，谓语动词取决于of后面的名词
Three quarters of the earth is covered with water. 地球四分之三覆盖着水。 One percent of the strawberries in the box have gone bad. 箱子里百分之一的草莓已经变质了。
11. hang on a minute稍等 hang-hung-hung wait a minute= just a moment
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12. at the start/beginning of… at the end of…
13. be free to do sth. 自由地做… adj. 空闲的;免费的;免税的；
She is fond of shopping in her free time. I have two free tickets. Would you like one? He got the suit for free. 他免费得到这套西装。
14….that is,….即；就是；换句话说；更确切地说(表进一步解说) Unit2 Arnwick was a city with 200,000 people. 1.Arnwick was a city with a population of 200,000. 阿恩威克是一个20万人口的城市。(注意：population和people不连用) 2.move to sp. (家)搬到……
move sth. away 把……移开、搬走
The stone is in the way. Do you mind moving it away? 那块石头挡道了。你介意把它移开吗？
(mind doing介意某人干某事) moving adj. moved adj.
The report in today’s newspaper was so moving that everyone was moved to tears.
今天报纸上的报道感人至深，每个人都感动得流泪了。 3. have problems in doing sth.做某事有问题 solve problems 解决问题 (1)problem是客观存在的问题，如
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population/pollution/environmental/housing problem人口问题、污染问题、环境问题、住房问题
math problems 数学问题
(2)question是指疑难问题，需要解答的 ask/answer questions 提问，回答问题 quest [kwest] n.& v.
They travelled in quest of gold. in quest of liberty/peace/adventure 追求自由、追求和平(安宁)、追求冒险活动 in the quest for truth/a bright future 探索真理、追求光明的未来
4. 实义动词的用法：有人称、数和时态的变化，即三单和一般过去式 人做主语need sth./sb. need to do sth
To stay healthy, you need to do sports regularly and keep a balanced diet.为了保持健康，你需要有规律地运动并保持均衡的饮食。
物做主语 need doing=need to be done The shoes need repairing. = The shoes need to be repaired. 情态动词的用法：只用于否定或疑问句中 -Need I rewrite the composition? 我需要重写这篇文章吗？
-No, you needn’t/you don’t have to.
-Yes, you must. Sorry, you have to./I’m afraid you have to.
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need n.
A friend in need is a friend indeed. [谚]患难见真情. There’s no need of/for money.不需要钱。 There’s no need to set off so early. 不需要这么早动身。
5. in the city centre= in the centre of the city
in the middle of… 指一条线上的中间，这条线可以是空间也可以是时间。 in the centre of 指一片区域的中心。
英语拼法 (Br E) 美语拼法(Am E) 公斤、千克kilogramme kilogram 方案、节目programme program 举止、行为behaviour behavior
颜色colour color 特别喜爱的favourite favorite
风味flavour flavor 荣誉honour honor 劳动labour labor 中心centre center 纤维fibre fiber 公尺metre meter 剧场 theatre theater 组织organise organize 实现realise realize
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旅行 travelling traveling grey（灰色的） gray shop（商店） store autumn(秋天) fall railway（铁路） railroad holiday(假期) vacation film(电影) movie cinema(电影院) movie theatre 6. a block of flats 一幢公寓大楼
flat adj. 平的；单调的；不景气的；干脆的 a flat tyre 一只瘪了的轮胎 a pair of flat shoes 一双平底鞋
You’d better avoid lying flat. 你最好避免平卧。adv. 7. become part of… (became) 8. be crowded with… 挤满…… be covered with…铺满……. be filled with….装满…..充满…….
(1)The coach was crowded with passengers.
(2)The fields were covered with snow and everything was white. (3)The bottle is filled with grape juice. The room is filled with smoke. 9. local people/school/products 当地人，当地学校，土特产
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10. close down 关闭，倒闭
11.It takes an hour to get there by bus.
12. clear adj. 清楚的，清晰的；清澈的；清醒的；晴朗的；v. 打扫，清除 clearly adv.
(1)It is clear that he told a lie. 显而易见，他撒谎了。
(2)The water is so clear that we can see plenty of fish swimming at the bottom of the stream.
溪水清澈见底，我们能看见许多鱼在游泳。
(3)She needs a clear head to carry out her instructions. 她需要一个头脑清醒的人来执行自己的指令。 (4)Don’t cross the road until it is clear. (地方)畅通的，无阻碍的
(5) On clear days, we can see most of London.
(6)He is clearing the table after supper.吃过晚饭他正在收拾桌子。
(7)He opened his eyes round so that he could see the blackboard clearly. 他睁圆了双眼，为了能看清楚黑板。 13. public services 公共设施
a public/private school 一个公立(私立)学校 It’s rude to talk loudly on the phone in public. 在公共场合下大声地打电话是很粗鲁的。 14.The police are coming.们马上就到了。 15. in fact= actually 事实上，实际上
16. describe v.
Can you describe what your son looks like? 17. the same… as… 反义词组 be different from Her hairstyle is the same as yours. =She has the same hairstyle as you. 她的发型和你的一样的。
18. produce/make much rubbish 制造(产生)很多垃圾
19. make efforts to do sth. 尽力做某事 =make an/every effort to do= try to do sth. 20. protect… against/from…
It’s a good idea to wear a hat to protect yourself against/from the bright sunshine
21. air/water/environmental/noise pollution. 大气污染，水污染，环境污染，噪音污染 22.table 一般的表格
chart 有曲线变化或柱状分布的图表
diagram [ˈdaɪəgræm] (文字为主)图解或一个圆分成好多份的那种 23. health problem 健康问题 health care 健康保健
24. face n. 面容；表面；脸；方面 v. 面对；面向…；正视；承认
(1)A strong wind was blowing right in my face.
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(2)We are all trying our best because no one would like to lose face. 全力以赴; 丢脸
(3)Are you brave enough to face the problem alone? 25.cut down 砍倒, 砍掉；减少(开支、文章字数等)
(1) Cutting down too many trees is harmful to the environment. 滥砍滥伐对环境危害很大。
(2)He tried to cut down on smoking and keep a balanced diet. 他尽量少吸烟，保持均衡的饮食
(3) The article is too long. Please cut it down to 500 words. 请把它削减到500字。
26.区别die of和die from
(1) die of死于疾病(心脏病，癌症，发烧等); 或冻死、饿死、气死、过度悲伤、渴死、羞死
eg: die of illness (heart trouble/disease, cancer, a fever, etc)/cold/ hunger /anger /grief/thirst /shame
(2) die from死于事故(地震、交通事故、闪电、中风等)、污水、劳累过度、受伤 eg: die from an accident(an earthquake, a traffic accident, a lightning, a stroke, etc)/polluted air /overwork /a wound
(3)die out绝迹，消失；绝种；绝灭；淘汰
Dinosaurs (恐龙) died out thousands of years ago. (4)die for sth. 渴望…
I'm dying for a breath of fresh air. 我非常渴望能呼吸到新鲜空气。
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She was dying to talk to Frank. 她很想同弗兰克谈谈。 27. as a result
He worked hard at his lessons last term. As a result, he passed the exam easily.
28. daily use/life/papers daily adj. n. & adv. 日常使用、日常生活、日报
The visitor centre is open daily from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm. 游客中心每日上午8点至下午6点开放。
29. be good for…对…有好处
be good to…=be friendly/nice to…对…好(友好) be good at…=do well in…擅长…. 30.冠词和数词 见书本P130-132
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Module10 The weather Unit1 It might snow.
1.用于肯定句中表示猜测的情态动词must>may>might
用于否定句中表示猜测 can’t (不可能) >may not(也许不) >might not It may/might (也许) be cold tomorrow. =It will probably/possibly be cold.
= Maybe/Perhaps it will be cold tomorrow. It’s possible that it will be cold tomorrow. （否定句）It may/might not be cold. It must（肯定） be cold. （否定句）It can’t be cold.
2.weather forecast/report for the next 24 hours （感叹句）What fine/bad/terrible weather!
What a fine day! (注意weather是不可数名词，day是可数名词) How terrible the weather is!
3. thick/thin ice
4. freezing cold 刺骨的 freeze-froze-frozen 结冰，冰冻 5. You must be joking! 你肯定在开玩笑
joke v. & n. tell jokes讲笑话
play jokes on sb.=make fun of sb.开某人的玩笑 6. — What’s the temperature?
— It’s between minus five and (plus) one degrees! / It’s minus five to
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one degrees!
零下5度到1度之间。
Xi’an will be cold with a temperature of/from minus one to (plus) four degrees.
It’s sunny with a temperature between…and…
The lowest temperature is minus five degrees (或five degrees below zero) and the highest
temperature is one degree.
stay above zero fall below zero
7. What’s the weather like …? = How is the weather …?
(shower) showery stormy rainy icy foggy snowy cloudy windy stormy wet-dry hot-cold cool-warm humid damp潮湿的
8. although = though conj. 然而; 尽管, 引导的从句可以与 but, however 互换，但不能与它们连用, 可与 yet, still 连用。
1) 虽然他很累，但他继续工作。
Although/Though he was tired, he still went on working. = He was tired, but he still went on working.
2) 尽管他相当忙，但是还常常帮我学英语。
He often helps me with my English although / though he is quite busy. = He is quite busy, but he often helps me with my English. 9. I wish I were in Australia now.
虚拟语气，表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。
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I wish I were/was a bird flying in the sky freely.
但愿我是一只在天空自由飞翔的鸟儿。 10. better get going
是 we’d better get going 的省略形式, 意思是“最好现在去/ 走”。 =had better go
had better (not)do sth.
11. get warm(er)/cool(er)/long(er)/short(er) turn green /gold/yellow/pale
become angry/strong/ more and more beautiful change to red change into… go bad/mad/crazy/wrong
12.at least 至少，最少 （反义词组） at most Unit 2 The weather is fine all year round.
1.choose carefully the places to see and the time to go choose sb. sth.=choose sth. for sb. choose (not) to do sth. choice n. 2. travel around
3.The best time to visit New England is in September. 4. take photos of the autumn leaves 5. forget/remember to do sth. 6. bring/take…with sb.
an umbrella a university/European wolf
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(chose-chosen) 7.Bring your swimsuit because you might want to swim in the sea. 8. compared to/with other places(常做状语，可放在句首也可放在句末) Compared to other boys, Jim is much cleverer. Jim is much cleverer compared to other boys compare A to B 把A比作B （不同类） People often compare teachers to candles. Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose. compare A with B 把A和B做比较 (同类) The teacher likes to compare Jim with Tom. 9.from time to time 有时，偶尔；时常 sometimes=at times 10. any time you like 11. be/sound similar to
The word “mouse” sounds similar to “mouth”. 12. depend on 根据…而定;依靠，依赖
Whether to have a picnic depends on the weather. We should depend on ourselves.
The best time to visit Jiaxing depends on what kind of activities you are interested in.
13. The Brazilian rainforest (巴西热带雨林)is one of the wettest places in the world. the Amazon 亚马孙河
14. possible adj. impossible
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(1)as…as possible=as…as sb. can
You’d better run as quickly as possible or you’ll miss the last bus. Please speak English as much/often as possible.
(2)It’s possible to fly to the moon one day.= It’s possible that we will
fly to …
We’ll probably/possibly fly to…
(3) I’ll do everything possible to help you.
The best time to visit Jiaxing
The weather in spring is pleasant compared to other seasons. It is neither too hot nor too cold and there is always plenty of bright sunshine. However, it rains from time to time, so don’t forget to bring an umbrella. You also need to wear a warm sweater because it might be cool in the evening. As we know, Jiaxing is famous for a large number of places of interest. For example, Yuehe Street is an interesting place to have fun. What’s more, you can have a picnic with your family members by the South Lake. It’s a good time to plant trees as well. Remember to wear comfortable shoes if you plan to do some sightseeing around the city. Finally, it’s a good idea to bring your camera because you may want to take photos of the beautiful sceneries(景色).
It’s hot and sunny in summer. It’s popular to wear a hat and a pair of sunglasses outdoors when the temperature stays above thirty degrees. It’s relaxing to swim in the sea and eat delicious ice-cream, but too much ice-cream makes you fatter.
Autumn is a harvest season (一个丰收的季节). People are busy getting in
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crops(忙着收割庄稼) and picking various of fruits on the farm. It is a bit dry, so you’d better drink enough water. You may also fly kites in Linggongtang Theme Park (凌公塘主题公园) when it is windy.
Winter is cold and the lowest temperature usually stays below zero. January is the coldest month and it’s great fun to play with snow. You can make a snowman with your playmates (伙伴). However, it’s impossible for you to go skating on the rivers or lakes because the ice is not thick enough. Never take the risk of falling through the ice. I’m not joking.
Anyway/ In a word/ Generally speaking(总而言之)，the best time to visit Jiaxing depends on (取决于) what kind of activities you are interested in.
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Module11 Way of life
Unit1 In China, we open a gift later.
1.It’s cool to wear a cap back-to-front.把鸭舌帽前后反过来戴很酷。 2.If she is interested in playing chess, it’s a good idea to choose a chess set as a present.
3. We Chinese usually have meals with chopsticks/ while Westerners(西方人) use knives and forks for meals.
This pair of chopsticks is pretty nice.（谓语是由pair决定的） A knife and fork ___ on the table now. （is） a knife and fork 一副刀叉表示一个整体，用单数。
4.A bar of chocolate is a perfect choice for those who prefer(更喜欢) sweet food.
5.Students need to look up new words in dictionaries to improve their study.
6. Little babies would like to play with toys.
7. Video games are not popular with teenagers any longer now. 现在电子游戏不再受青少年欢迎了。
8. Here’s your gift.
Here’s the change(找头，零钱)/money. Here are some flowers for you. 9. What a big surprise! n.
1)in surprise “惊奇地”常位于动词之后作状语，表示方式。eg. John turned around and looked at me in surprise． 约翰转过身来，惊奇地望着我。
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2)to one's surprise “使某人吃惊的是”、“出乎意料地”，常位于句首，作状语，表示行为的结果。
eg: To my surprise, the door was unlocked．使我吃惊的是，门没有锁。 surprised adj.人做主语,强调人的心理，“感到吃惊的” surprising adj.物做主语或修饰物，“令人吃惊的” 试比较：a surprising look 一个令人吃惊的表情 a surprised look一个吃惊的表情
3)be surprised at 对……感到惊奇 表示某种情绪、心情的起因时，常用at…这一介词短语，表示“听到…”或“看到…而…”
eg:She was surprised at the news. 4)be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 She was surprised to hear the news. 5)be surprised that + 从句
I was surprised that he died from an accident. 10.immediately=at once=right now=right away an immediate reply 立即回复
11.You must use both of the hands to accept a present. (both这里是pron. 做宾语)
=You must accept a gift with both hands. (both这里是adj. 做形容语) Both of them are married. (both这里是pron. 做主语)
Her parents are both doctors and they both work hard. They can both swim. (前一个both是adj. 做定语，后一个both是pron.做they的同位语)
( both/all和频度副词、also、probably的位置一样，放在实义动词前，情态动词、
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be动词或助动词后）
反义词 neither 两者都不
Neither of them is able to work out the math problem. (谓语用单数) neither… nor… 既不…也不…
He can neither sing nor dance. (连接两个动词做谓语)
The weather in Kunming is neither too cold nor too hot all year around. (连接两个形容词做表语)
Neither you nor I am a foreigner. (连接两个代词或名词做主语，谓语采用就近原则)
all反义词 none 三者及以上
12. I don’t think I should open it now. (否定前移) 我想我现在不应该打开它。
I don’t believe he is telling the truth. 我认为他不是在说实话。
13.You needn’t wait. =You don’t need to wait. Just wait and see! 到时候你就知道了。 can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待干某事 He couldn’t wait to open the box. can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁干某事
He couldn’t help laughing when he heard the joke.
14.The way of life in China is quite different from that in Britain.(与…截然不同)
There are many differences between the way of life in China and that in
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Britain.
15. pay attention to 注意，留心 (to是介词，后接名词、代词宾格或动名词) We have paid much attention to health care in recent years.近年来，我们已经非常重视医疗保健了。
pay no/little attention to 对…不重视
You’d better pay more attention to taking good care of yourself. 16.be interested in (doing) sth be interested to do sth.
17. 区分for example, such as和like
for example一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。
(1) For example, air is invisible. (看不见的) (2) He,for example,is a good student. such as用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。
(3)Some of the European languages come from Latin，such as French，Italian and Spanish.
有些欧洲语言来源于拉丁语，例如，法语、意大利语和西班牙语。
(4) Boys such as John and James are very friendly. like也常用来表示举例，可与such as互换。但such as用于举例可以分开使用，此时不可与like互换。
(5)Some warm-blooded animals,like/such as the cat，the dog or the wolf，do not need to hibernate. 一些温血动物，像猫、狗和狼都不需要冬眠。
(6)He has several such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks. 他有几本像字典、手册之类的参考书。
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18.You mustn’t do any cleaning or break anything on the first day of the
Chinese New Year/ the Spring Festival because it means bad luck/ it’s unlucky.
do some cleaning/washing/reading/shopping sightseeing/cooking 19.You must use red paper for hongbao because it’s lucky/ red means good luck. 20.have one’s hair cut = have a haircut
(cut-cut-cut cutting)
cut down 砍伐（树木）；削减（数字、数量等） They’ve cut down too many trees.
You should cut down your composition within 500 words. 你应该把作文的字数减少至500字以内。
21. during the Spring Festival month during the Christmas season at Spring Festival/ Christmas on the first day of the Spring Festival on Christmas Day/Eve
22.You can’t be serious. 你不可能当真的吧。 =You must be joking/kidding.
Take it easy./ Don’t worry. There’s nothing serious with your neck.别担心/紧张，脖子没什么大碍。
The situation is becoming serious.
She is serious with her work.她对工作很认真。 He is seriously/badly hurt. Bad luck!
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23. celebrate vt. 庆祝
They had a big party to celebrate his birthday. Grammar: must 的用法
1) 表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，意思为 “必须……，得……，要……”；由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must，否定回答要用needn’t，意思是“不必”；must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。
—Must I finish the task right now? —No, you needn’t.
You mustn’t come here without permission. 没有允许你不准来这。
2) 表示肯定的猜测，常用于肯定句中，意为 “一定是，必然……”。 Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital.
He must be reading newspapers in the reading room now.（正在进行的猜测） have to 与must的区别
两者都表示“必须”，但must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不，被迫”之意。
All passengers must wear seat belts. 系安全带
My bike was broken yesterday, so I had to walk to school. can 的用法
can的否定形式为cannot，缩写为can't。 1) 表示能力
I can’t swim. Can you drive？
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注意：can表示能力可与be able to互换使用，且后者有更多的时态，be able to常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来或完成的概念。
They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months. 2) 表示可能性，意思是：可以，可能。
That big cinema can seat/hold 2,000 people. He can be very friendly at times.
他有时可能非常友善。
3) 表示允诺，意思是：可以，能够,相当于may。 You can read the book when I have finished it. Can I have a look at your pen?
4) 表示惊异、不相信、猜测等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中），意思是:会，可能。
This can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。 -Can it be Mr Wang?
-No, it can’t be him because he has gone abroad. need的用法
need作为情态动词表示“需要”，一般用于否定句和疑问句。否定形式needn’t比较常用，表示“不需要”，或“不必要”。例如：
You needn’t be so rude.
need也可以作为行为动词，表示“需要”，sb. need to do sth. ; sb. need sb./sth.; sth. need doing = sth. need to be done
I need to brush my teeth immediately. She needed some help with her broken bike. Her bike needs repairing. 修理
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= Her bike needs to be repaired.
Unit2 In England, you usually drink tea with milk. 1. It’s good/bad manners to do sth.
=It’s polite/impolite/rude (of sb.) to do sth.
It’s good manners to offer your seat to the old on the bus. 在公交车上让座是有礼貌的。
It’s bad manners to spit in public.在公共场合下随地吐痰是不文明的。 2. experience n. 经历【C】；经验【U】vt.
I’d like to share my wonderful experiences in Shanghai Happy Valley with you.我想要和你一起分享我在上海欢乐谷的美妙经历。
Ms Gu is a good teacher with much experience. Ms Gu是一位经验丰富的好老师。 She is an experienced teacher. experienced adj. 经验丰富的
Have you ever experienced the way of life in England?(现在完成时的一般疑问句, experience vt.)
3. stay n.& v. stays staying stayed enjoy my stay
during my stay in Rome在罗马短暂停留期间 stay at home/in bed stay above/below zero degree 4. notice vt. & n. 注意到；通知，布告 notice sth./sb
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notice sb. do/doing sth.
(1) Did you notice the difference(s) between the words “quite” and “quiet”?
(2)I often notice him offer to empty the trash for the class. 我经常注意到他主动为班级到垃圾。
(3)I noticed him copying others’ homework just now. 5. for the first time
1)For the first time in his life he felt truly happy.
2)You should shake hands with them when you meet them for the first time. ( shake-shook-shaken shaking)
6. 区分know与get to know (know-knew-known)
know：认识，了解，强调一个事实状态； get to know：逐渐(开始)了解，强调一个过程和动作
We have known each other since we came here. We got to know each other when we came here.
7.When you are talking to your friends, you may call them by their first/given name.
You can use first name with/for your friend. 你可以直呼你朋友的名字。 family name 姓
8. Afternoon tea is not just a drink but a light meal at around 4 pm. 不仅仅是…而且是
Ms Gu is not just an English teacher but a good mother of ours.顾老师不仅
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仅是位英语老师，而且还是我们的好妈妈。
9. Fish and chips is traditional food in England, just like French fries in America.
You can buy and eat it in fish and chip shops on the high street (在繁华的商业大街), or you can take it away and eat with your fingers.
10. At the bus stop, you mustn’t push your way onto the bus. You need to stand in (a) line and wait(for) your turn.
It’s one’s turn to do sth.
It’s your turn to clean the blackboard. 11. get on/ get off the bus/train get into/out of the car 12. 英语的惯用表达法
动词+sb.+介词+the+人体的某个部位 catch/pull sb. by the arm/ nose touch/ pat（拍） sb. on the shoulder kick/bite sb. in the leg
hit sb. in the face / back/ chest hit sb. on the head/ nose/ jaw（下巴） 面积大的，会凹陷的部位，用in; 面积小的，较硬的突出的地方用on
13.Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the dinner party. Peter, you should behave like a gentleman. gentle adj. 轻轻的, 温柔的 gentlely adv.
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She said in a gentle voice.=She said gentlely. 14. smile politely
It’s polite of sb. to do sth.
14. Here is some advice for visitors to Britain. advise sb. to do sth. 15. Remember to drive on the left-hand side of the road in Hong Kong. 16.speak to old people the old 老年人 the elder 长辈们 16. wash up=do some washing clean up = do some cleaning
eat up the food= finish eating all the food listen up 仔细听
17. It’s dangerous for teenagers to stay out alone at night. 18. home/family rules 家规
19. It’s bad for our health to stay up late in the evening.晚上熬夜对我们的健康不利。
20. drink tea with milk We prefer Chinese tea with nothing else in it. 中国清茶
green/black/flower tea 绿茶、红茶、花茶
21. In the south of China, we usually eat noodles on the birthday because it means a long life.
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Module12 Help
Unit1 What should we do before help arrives? 1.first aid 急救
He succeeded with the aid/help of a hammer. 借助于锤子，他获得了成功。 2.base n. medicine n. basic medical help 3. imagine v. imagine sth. imagine doing imagine 从句
1) I can imagine the scene clearly in my mind. 我可以清楚地想像出那个情景.
2)Can you imagine flying like a bird in the sky?
3)She can’t imagine that he has done such a foolish thing. I couldn’t imagine how beautiful the scenery was. imagination n.
He is full of imagination.他想象力很丰富。 =He is imaginative.
[ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv] adj. 富于想像力的 4.at the bottom of the valley在谷底 at the foot of the mountain 在山脚下 at the top of the roof在屋顶
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We walked up a flight of stairs.(一段楼梯) go down the stairs= go downstairs adv. the man upstairs/downstairs楼上的人/楼下的人 5.区分voice, noise和sound She has a sweet voice.(n.嗓子,嗓音) There’s so much noise.(n.噪音) It’s noisy here.(adj.吵闹的)
It’s rude to talk noisily. (adv.喧闹地，喧哗地) She was too frightened to make a sound.
I woke up listening to the sound of birds singing every morning while I was in the countryside.
当我在乡下时，每天清晨听着鸟儿的歌声醒来。 (sound n.泛指自然界的各种声音) 6. be in pain= be painful
As the old saying goes, ”No pains, no gains.” 正如那句谚语所说：“不劳无获。”
区分sore, hurt, pain，ache
sore [sɔ:(r)] adj. 多指(因发炎)疼痛的，酸痛的 have a sore throat 嗓子痛
hurt adj.受伤的，一般是外伤，be/get hurt 也可以指情感、自尊的受伤
What he said just now hurt me deeply. vt. 伤害 hurt sb/oneself
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vi. 疼痛 My head hurts a lot. 我的头很痛。 pain n.可指(因受伤或生病而)疼，痛，痛苦 He felt a sharp pain in his knee。
用于比喻义，指心灵的伤痛，也可指付出努力 take pains to do sth.
=make efforts to do sth.= try to do sth.
ache n.多指(身体某部位的持续性) 持续的疼痛
have a toothache(牙痛)/headache(头痛) /backache(背痛)/stomachache(肚子痛)
have an earache耳朵痛 7. first of all 首先= above all
next,…then,… finally… （表示顺序的连接词，使得事情陈述有条理，写作时值得参考！）
what’s more= besides而且 8. 区分look for, fine和find out
1) He _______ his lost pen everywhere, but he didn’t ______ it at last. (looked for, find)
2) Please ______ who broke the vase.(find out) 9. What’s wrong with…？
What’s the matter/trouble with…?
10.But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you.但是他有可能无法听到你或者和你说话。could表示推测，就相当于might
have trouble/difficulty/problems (in)doing sth.
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11.shout/cry/call for help 12.call 120/110/119/the police 13.make him comfortable comfort v. 安慰
Thank you for comforting me. 14.lift sb. up vt. (代词宾格只能放中间) lift me/him/her up (lifted)
He is strong enough to lift the heavy furniture. a lift (n.) = an elevator [ˈelɪveɪtə(r)] AmE 15. sit him on a chair= let/make him take a seat 16.do harm to… n.
be harmful to=be bad for
Polluted air is quite harmful to our health. 17.drop v.& n.
1)I was so careless that I dropped my glasses and broke them.我很马虎，居然把眼镜掉下来摔碎了。
2)He felt hot tears dropping onto his fingers. 他感觉到热泪掉到他的手指上。 a drop of water 一滴水
18. hurt him even more 19. do some medical training 20. Make sure+从句
be sure of/about…
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be sure to do sth. sb. be sure +从句
1)Make sure that you follow the rules. 2)Are you sure of his arrival this evening? 你确定他今晚会来吗？
3)I am sure to succeed. 我一定会成功的。 = I’m sure of/about my success. =I’m sure that I will be successful.. 21. cover…with…
The thief covered his face with a piece of cloth and carried a sharp knife in his left hand.
这个小偷用一块布蒙着脸，左手拿着一把锋利的刀。 be covered with…
Three fourths of the world’s surface is covered with water.地球表面四分之三的面积被水覆盖着。
22.区分such…that…和so …that
She was such a brave girl that she saved the baby out of the big fire alone. =The girl was so brave that she saved….. 23. cause a lot of pain/trouble/damage 造成很多痛苦/麻烦/损害 cause sb. sth cause sb. to do sth. the cause of
the reason for
24.move v. 移动，搬动 vi. 搬家；行动； vt. 提议；使感动；摇动；变化 n. 改变；迁移 The film was moving. He was deeply moved. 25. a piece of furniture
There is so much furniture in this market. 26. glass n. 玻璃杯 【C】，眼镜(通常用复数) two glasses of red wine两杯红酒
It was careless of him to break his glasses. As a result, he couldn’t see the blackboard clearly.
玻璃 【U】(材料时不可数)
The dinner table is made of glass.这个餐桌是由玻璃做成的。 Unit2 Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. 1. stay/keep away from 远离… 2. in/during an earthquake 3. warn sb. about/of sth. warn sb. not to do sth. warn sb. against (doing) sth.
He warned the driver about/of the slippy road. He warned his son not to fight with others. I warned him against swimming in the pond. 4. have little or no idea about…
5. jump/rush/run/climb/get out of/into…
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6.keep clear of fires 不接触火，要摆脱火灾
Her home caught fire and everything was destroyed. 她家失了火，所有的东西都烧毁了。
Her kitchen is on fire.她的厨房着火了！ 7.stop doing sth. stop to do sth. 8. use the lift/elevator
9. stay/keep calm/cool保持冷静/镇静 10. be helpful to sb. 11. street lights街灯 12. power lines输电线 powerful adj. What a powerful dog it is! =How powerful the dog is!
13. be careful of/with 注意,小心(后接名词,动名词或从句) 14. falling rocks/leaves/sand 正在下落的岩石/树叶/沙子 sleeping car/bag 卧铺/睡袋 swimming pool (v.-ing做定语，强调进行意义或用途) fallen leaves (已经躺在地面上的)落叶 broken glass
(过去分词做定语，强调动作已经完成或表示被动) 14. in short= in a word= generally speaking总之 15. follow v. 跟随;遵循 vt. 理解
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My pet dog follows me wherever I go. 无论我走到哪里，我的宠物狗都跟到哪。
I’m sorry I can’t follow you. Would you please speak a little more slowly? 16. You can also help save others. 17. get hit/hurt 18.看起来他很痛苦。 It looks like he is in pain. It seems that he is painful. He seems painful.
19.区分because of和because
He was absent from school ____ his bad illness. =He didn’t come to school_____ he was badly ill. 20.clear the rocks off the roads 把岩石从公路上清除掉 21. by doing
He made a living by pulling a rickshaw. 他以拉黄包车为生。
22.tsunami n.海啸 bubble n. 气泡 23. learn about…了解关于
24. go funny/mad/crazy/hungry/bad (go相当于一个系动词，后面可接形容词) 25. act quickly 26.be proud of
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I am proud of my daughter. My daughter is my pride. (n. 骄傲)
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Module1 How to learn English
Unit1 Let’s try to speak English as much as possible.
3. Welcome back! Welcome back to school!
Welcome to China/our school/my home town! Welcome home! You’re welcome. give sb. a cold/warm welcome 注意welcome的词性 v. adj n.
4. talk with/to sb. about sth. have a talk/conversation with sb. 3. ask for some advice a piece of advice
注意advice是不可数名词，不能说these advice give sb. advice给某人建议
take/follow one’s advice听从某人的建议 4. speak English in class speak English as much as possible read books as many as you can as…as possible = as…as one can/could 5. write down our mistakes in our notebooks write it/them down (代词宾格只能放中间)
类似结构还有pick up, take off, put on, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up
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6. forget/ remember to do sth.记得、忘记要做某事（还没做） forget/remember doing sth. 记得、忘记做过某事（已经做了） eg: Don’t forget to bring your photos here when you come.
I remember seeing him somewhere in Jiaxing. 我记得在嘉兴的某个地方见过他。
forget- forgot-forgotten forgetful adj. 健忘的
eg:Mrs Grey is old and she is forgetful. 7. the correct answers adj. correct= right 正确的 incorrect correct the spelling (mistake) v. 纠正拼写错误
Can you spell the word?
8.What/Where/Who else? something /anything/somebody else （ else放在疑问词和不定代词后面） 9. have an idea I have no idea.
10.Listening to the radio is good for our pronunciation. （注意动名词做主语） listen to music/me / the teacher
listen for key words and main ideas key adj. =important
the key to the front door 前门的钥匙 the key to the exercise练习的答案 11. so many new words
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have a word with sb. 和某人说句话 have words with sb. 和某人争吵 12. need既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词 sb. need sth. sb.need to do sth. sth. need doing
eg．She needed some help last night. The flowers need watering.
I need to water the flowers.（改否定句） I don’t need to water the flowers. =I needn’t water the flowers. 13.get to know… through reading 14.agree with sb./one’s words agree to do sth. 同意做某事 disagree 不同意 类似的构词方式
like-dislike 喜欢，不喜欢
appear-disappear出现，消失 cover-discover盖上，揭开 15.表建议的句型
We/You/They should/shouldn’t do… Let’s do…
Why not do...?=Why don’t you/we do ...? How/What about doing ...?
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Don’t forget to do…= Remember to do… It’s a good idea to do… Doing… is a good way to do… It’s adj. for/of sb. to do... You don’t need to do… You just need to do… You’d better (not) do… It’s better to do…
16.everyday English every day 注意书写是否要空格 17.work in pairs 18.practise doing sth.
Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 need more practice需要更多的练习 19.match A with B 把A和B匹配起来 watch matches 观看比赛
the little match girl 卖火柴的小女孩 a perfect match一个完美的婚姻
20.complete the sentences with the words in the box用方框内的单词完成句子
21.look up new words in a dictionary look up to the sky/me抬头望天空，看我 22.make a mistake / make mistakes
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correct mistakes
a spelling/grammar mistake一个拼写、语法错误 23.understand the grammar
v. understood understanding n. 24.check the spelling of … 25.an excellent student
26.letter 信；字母 Eg. write a letter to sb.给某人写信 =write to
receive a letter from…收到某人的来信 =hear from…
How many letters are there in English? 英语里有几个字母？
Unit2 You should smile at her. 3. have problems in doing sth. solve a problem解决一个问题
ask/answer a question 问问题,回答问题 4. learn vocabulary a large/small vocabulary
enlarge one’s vocabulary扩大词汇量 5. find out查清楚，弄明白 find找的结果
look for找的动作和过程
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eg. Can you find out who broke the window?你能查出是谁打碎了玻璃吗？ My wallet is missing. I tried to look for it everywhere, but I couldn’t find it. 6. ask for advice about/on how to improve English /improving English ask sb. for sth. ask for help / advice
ask/request （要求）sb. (not) to do sth. 7. basic questions/language 8. a great way to learn English. a good way of doing sth.
9. guess the meanings of the new words 10. advise sb. (not) to do sth. 11. be afraid to do sth. be afraid of doing sth.
10. start a conversation with greetings以问候开始谈话 11. Don’t be shy/late. Don’t worry. 12.forget them quickly
13. It’s natural (for sb.) to do sth.
14.I suggest (that) you (should) write four or five words a day on pieces of paper and place/put them in your room.
suggest doing sth. many suggestions 15.My speaking is poor. = I’m not good at speaking.
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16. more often 更频繁
17.an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家 18.all the time一直 19.invite sb.to sp. invite sb.to do sth.
翻译：谢谢你邀请我去看电影。 Thanks for inviting me to the cinema. =Thanks for your invitation to the cinema. 20.read aloud/loudly大声地朗读 aloud一般没有比较等级，
loudly-more loudly-(the) most loudly 21.read for more information
22.Try to use them as much as possible.尽可能多使用它们。 23.in addition to…除了=apart from
In addition to English, we also learn math, Chinese, science and so on. 24.various kinds of = all kinds of各种各样daily life 日常生活 adj. China Daily 《中国日报》 n.
25.chat with sb. freely和某人自由地闲聊 26. several times
Each time I went to Shanghai, I had a new kind feeling of excitement.每次我到上海，都有一种新的兴奋感。
（each time 这里引导的是时间状语从句，相当于一个连词的功能） have a good/hard time
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Module2 My home town and my country Unit1 It’s taller than many other buildings.
1. pretty good pretty=quite adv. adj.= beautiful 2. on the coast 3. a newer city than
4. in fact =actually 5. in the 1980s 在20世纪八十年代
6. get bigger and busier 变得更大更繁华 7. some day= one day
8. as busy as… as…as中间加形容词或副词的原级 Eg. Lucy is as careful as Lily.
Lucy does homework as carefully as Lily. 否定形式 not as/so …as
9. What’s the population of Shenzhen? = How many people are there in Shenzhen? a large/big/small population 中国的人口比印度多。
The population of China is bigger than that of India. China has a larger population than India. China is larger in population than India. There are more people in China than India. 10.over ten million 11. much wider and cleaner
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much, far，a little, even,等可以修饰比较级 比较级的构词方法见P123
部分双音节和多音节词需加more/most 或less/least构成比较等级 beautiful, important, exciting, tired, bored…比较级前面加more或less 不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 good/well -better -best many/much -more -most bad/ill/badly -worse -worst old -elder/older -eldest/oldest little - less - least （修饰不可数名词）
（注意比较few-fewer-fewest 修饰可数名词复数） far -farther/further- farthest/furthest
（farther更远，是指实际可测量的两地距离，further是指抽象的更进一步，如情感、学业、解说等）
eg. More and more parents send their children to America to study further.越来越多的家长把他们孩子送到美国去深造。
12.remember to do sth.
Unit2 Cambridge is a beautiful city in the east of England.
3. east/west/south/north/ northeast东北/southeast东南 / northwest西北 /southwest西南
4. in/on/to the east of… 在…东面（范围之内/领土接壤/隔海相望） Shanghai is in the east of China. Shanghai is on the east coast of China.
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North Korea is on the east of China. Japan is to the east of China.
3. on the River Cam/Thames在康河/泰晤士河河畔
4. have/with a population of…有….人口（注意population本身包涵了人口的含义，不能和people连用）
区分有 have可做谓语动词，with是介词
Eg:China ____ (有)a population of more than 1.3 billion. （has） China is a country ____ (有)a population of more than 1.3 billion.（with） 5. be famous/known for/as…
Jiaxing is famous ____ the Party’s birthplace.(as) Jiaxing is famous ____ the South Lake. (for) 6. old buildings and churches to visit a good place to play a comfortable chair to sit on （ 动词不定时做定语，修饰前面的名词） 7. He walked along the street alone. （注意拼写不要混淆了！） 8. 7.5 million 读作：seven and a half million seven point five million
（表示具体数字，million后面不能加s
millions of （表示大概的数字，既有s又有of，记住“双管齐下”） 12. England itself is part of an island.
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itself反身代词, 表示强调
part of泛指某物的部分，意为不可分割的, eg: Taiwan is part of China. Humans are part of the nature. 10. an island
11. low/high mountains
mountain是指高山，hill 是指低山、丘陵 in a low/loud voice轻声/大声地说 The prices of goods are high/low. = The goods are expensive/cheap.
12. notice sb .doing sth注意到某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行） notice sb. do sth注意到某人做某事（强调整个过程） I noticed her smiling secretly.
= I noticed that she was smiling secretly. 我注意到她在偷偷地笑。 I noticed a man enter the bank. 我注意到一个人进了银行。
13. never…or… = neither… nor…
Eg. He is never late for school or the meeting.他上学从不迟到，开会也不迟到。 14. bring/take an umbrella with…
15. a university 一所大学（ a useful tool） a well-known university 一所著名大学 well-known/better-known/best-known 16.show respect to… n.
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The old are respected by the young in China.在中国老年人受到年轻人的尊敬。V.
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Mudule3 Sports
Unit1 Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis. 2. boring/dull-interesting/exciting dangerous-safe difficult/hard-easy expensive/dear-cheap/inexpensive popular-unpopular 2. on TV
on the radio/telephone/Internet
3. What’s the score (of the baseball /tennis match)? n. Spain scored a minute ago. v. 4. not…at all 根本没…一点儿也不… Not at all. 不客气，没关系
5.What’s the matter/trouble/problem? What’s wrong with…? 6. look tired feel bored/excited/relaxed
make sb. interested/surprised/relaxed 7. hurt one’s knee/leg/arm
hurt oneself vt. My knee hurt(s). 我的膝盖痛。 vi.
8. sb. be sure to do sth. sb.一定会做某事 =sb. be sure that+宾语从句
sb. be sure of / about sth. sb.确认某事,对…有把握 翻译：他们一定会赢这场比赛的。 They are sure to win this match/game.
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They are sure that they will win this match. They are sure of/about this match.
9. Playing tennis is more enjoyable than anything else. =Playing tennis is the most enjoyable. enjoy doing v. enjoy oneself enjoy sth.
enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的 enjoyment n. 愉悦，快乐 10. miss sb.想念某人
miss sth.错过… miss lessons eg. He missed the train.
I missed the chance to thank him. Something is missing/lost. 某物丢了， 11. bad luck 倒霉，不走运 good luck to sb. 祝某人好运 good luck with sb. 祝某事顺利 eg. Good luck with your study. 祝你学业顺利。
a lucky dog 幸运儿 adj. unlucky adj. 不幸的 luckily adv.
unluckily= unfortunately adv.不幸的是
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She was lucky to buy the last ticket.
Luckily, she bought the last ticket. Unluckily, he was hurt badly. 12. Never mind. mind doing介意做某事
-Would you mind closing the door? -Not at all.
Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我抽烟吗？ I’m afraid you’d better not./ No, please go ahead. keep sth. in mind记住…
make up one’s mind to do sth.决心干某事 13.plenty of
There are plenty of men out of work. 有很多人失业。 We have plenty of time to finish the job.
14. win/lose the game/match lose to sb. 输给某人
defeat/beat sb./ the team打败某人
Unit2 This year we are training more carefully. 1.train hard 2. play against sb./one’s team
Cheating is against the rules. 作弊是违反规定的。 Please put the ladder against the wall.
3. as early as we can/could=as early as possible
4. (1)so that引导目的状语从句，其从句中的谓语动词通常和can, may, should
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等情态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不使用逗号，意为“以便，为了，使能够”。
Eg: 1) They got up early so that they could catch the early bus. 为了能赶上早班车，他们早早就起床了。
2) Speak slowly so that I can understand you.
(2) so…that…引导的是表示结果的状语从句,so后面加形容词或副词，其意为“如此……以至于……”。
Eg:1) This book is so interesting that everyone wants to read it. 这本书这么有趣，每个人都想看。
2)He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.他跑得这么快，我跟不上他。
3)The workers did so well that the boss was pleased with them. 这些个人干的很漂亮，老板对他们很满意。
5. warm up
You had better warm up before matches. 比赛前你最好做些热身运动。
He blew on his hands to warm them up. 他冲着双手哈气，好让手暖和些。 It is warm in spring in my town. 6. than usual as usual
He got up earlier ______. (than usual) He got up as early_____.( as usual) an unusual experience一次非同寻常的经历 usually adv. 通常，经常
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7. beat sb. 打败某人 =defeat sb. beat-beat-beaten
beat other teams 打败其他队
lose to sb./ their team 输给某人，其他队 win the match/game/race win-won-won
winner n. ，胜利者，冠军
8. get dark/long/angry （天）变暗，变长，变得生气 9. be late for after-school practice after-school activities 课后活动 13. care n.
take （good）care of=look after…（well）
careful-careless useful-useless helpful-helpless
He does his homework so carelessly that he often makes plenty of mistakes. 11.the final match
finally= at last=in the end最后，终于 12.What a pity!=That’s a pity!多么可惜啊！
13.have a good/poor chance of doing/to do sth. 有（没有）做某事的机会 14. fan club
a fan of football足球迷 an electric fan一个电扇 15. have sb. around 有某人在身边，有某人支持
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16.cheer sb. on loudly大声地为…欢呼加油 cheer for sb. 为某人喝彩，加油 Cheers! 干杯！
17.feel confident adj. have confidence to do sth. n.
Those (who are more confident) (定语从句，修饰前面的先行词those) will make themselves more successful.那些更自信的人会更成功。
18.反义词 badly-well carefully-carelessly early-late
quickly-slowly loudly/noisily-quietly 19. take part in the race 20. go jogging= run slowly
21. sports clothes （注意clothes是衣物的总称，是复数，前面不能加a） running shoes 跑鞋 22.in the countryside在乡下 23. in the fresh air在新鲜的空气中
24. The more you go jogging, the healthier you will feel.你慢跑得越多，你会觉得越健康。
The more books you read, the wiser you are. 你书看得越多，你越明智。 25.prefer A to B (preferred-preferred)
A和B相比,更喜欢A I prefer pop music to classical music.
prefer doing A to doing B
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I prefer driving there to taking a bus. prefer to do rather than do
I prefer to drive there rather than take a bus. 26. an important Olympic sport 27. Greece-Greek希腊 Persia- Persian 波斯 Iran-Iranian 伊朗 28. keep fit/healthy保持健康
Doing sports is good for your health. 29. stop to do sth.停下来干某事 stopping doing sth.停止干某事
We were tired after working for a whole morning, so we decided to stop to have a rest.我们工作一上午之后很累，所以决定停下来休息一下。
The students stopped talking when the teaches came in.当老师进来的时候，学生们停止讲话了。
30.later on 后来
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Module4 Planes,ships and trains Unit 1 重点短语
1. an accident 一次事故
a road accident 道路交通事故
2. how often多久一次（用频度副词来回答）
how soon多久以后（用in+一段时间提问，一般是一般将来时） how far 多远（提问路程多远） how long多久、多长 3. take part in 参加
4. close to 靠近、接近 far (away) from 远离、离…..远 5. much \\heavy traffic 交通拥堵、拥挤
6. except sb. 除了某人 as much as 与……一样多 7. the same as 与…..一样 be different from 与…..不同 8. 别担心 don't worry
9. take the\\a bus =by bus 乘公共汽车 take a taxi= by taxi 乘出租车 take a plane = by plane\\air 乘飞机 take a train =by train 乘火车 ride a bike =by bike 坐自行车 walk to = go to …on foot 走路/步行 He usually takes a bus to school.
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= He goes to school by bus. 10. all the time 一只，总是 11. most of..... 大部分..... 重点句子
1.He lives the farthest from school. 他住得离学校最远。 2. What happened? 怎么了？
3. There was a road accident, and the traffic was very heavy. 路上发生了事故，交通很拥堵。
4. But nobody was late, except me. 但除了我没有人迟到。 5. I was late for school today.今天我上学迟到了。 6. What happened? 怎么了？ 7.
There was a road accident , and the traffic was very heavy.路上出了一起交通事故，交通很堵塞。
8. It’s the most comfortable way, but it’s also the most expensive. 这是最舒适的方式，但它也是最昂贵的。
9. That’s a good choice, but it’s a bit dangerous. There’s so much traffic.
那是个不错的选择，但有点危险。交通那么拥挤。
③ He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the underground.
他住的离学校最远，因此他做地铁。
④ Her home is the closest to school, so she walks. 她的家离
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学校最近，因此她步行。
Unit 2 重点短语
1. 打算做某事 plan to do 2. book the ticket 订票
3. an eight-year-old boy 一个八岁大的男孩 4. have/has/had to do sth.不得不去做某事 5. because of由于 + 名词（短语）、代词 because +句子
6. get here\here\\home 到达这里\\那里\\家 7. luck(n.)→lucky(adj.)→luckily(adv.) 8.. care(n.)→careful(adj.)→carefully(adv.) 9. have a nice trip 旅途愉快
10. most of …… ……的大部分 wait for 等候 11. It takes\ook sb. some time\\money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间\\多少钱去做某事。 6. the second cheapest\\longest 第二便宜\\长 7. 穿越 go across
8. 其他的某个地方 somewhere else 9. 感谢....... thanks for
10. 旅行的最佳方式 the best way to travel
14. 反意疑问句：前肯后否、前否后肯，反意疑问句必须换成主语的代词，谓语动词在时态和人称
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上要保持一致。
表示否定意义的词：never/hardly/few/little/nothing/ /no ⑪ there be→be there? (be 有不同) ⑫ You’d better→hadn’t you? ⑬ Let’s→shall we? ⑭ Let us→will you? ⑮ 祈使句→will you?
⑯ 一般现在时→do/does +主语? ⑰ 现在进行时→am/is/are +主语? ⑱ 一般过去时→did +主语? ⑲ 过去进行时→was/were+ 主语? ⑳ 情态动词→情态动词 +主语?
若是前否后肯，那么yes翻译成“不”，no翻译成“是”。 重点句子： 1.
Read the passage and number the ways of travelling from the most expensive to the least
expensive. 阅读短文，按从最昂贵到最便宜的旅行方式的顺序依次写上数字。 10. How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel? 旅途花多长时间，最好的出行方式是什么？
11. The more information , the better. 信息越多越好。
12. A journey by train is more relaxing than by coach, but a lot more expensive. 乘火车旅行比长途汽车更令人放松，但也贵得多。
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13. This is the most comfortable way to travel but also the most expensive.
这是组舒服的方式当然也是最贵的方式。
14. Book your ticket before you book your hotel. 订旅馆之前，要先订票。
15. Remember that parking in Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay outside the city centre and travel in by bus or by train. 记住，在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵，因此住在市中心外面，坐公共汽车或火车去里面旅行。
16. And it takes you about twelve hours to get there. 并且你要花大约12个小时才能达到那里。
17. However, it will not cost as much as going by train. 然而，它不像乘火车一样花费那么多。
18. It
is the fastest and the second cheapest, but you may have to wait for hours at the airport because of bad weather. 它是最快的且是第二便宜的，但因为恶劣的天气你可能必须在机场等数小时。 10. Have a nice trip! 祝你旅途快乐！ Unit 3 重点短语
1. 匆忙 in a hurry 2. 不得不 have to do
3. 其他的某个地方 somewhere else
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重点句子
5. Is it better to go to Shanghai first, or can we go from xi'an to Hangzhou directly?
是先去上海更好还是我们可以直接从西安去杭州？ 6. What do you think? 你认为呢？ 7. Thanks for your help. 感谢你的帮忙。
8. After Beijng, we want to visit xi'an and Hangzhou, and maybe somewhere else.
游览完北京后，我们想旅游西安和杭州，也许还有其他的什么地方。 5. Which is the fastest way? 最快的方式是哪一种？
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Module 5
一． 重点短语：
1.主要的事情 2.不知道 3.主动提出做---- 给某人提供、提议什么 4.带某人去----- 5.最后 6.下次 7.因---以---对谁--而出名 8.在中国社会 9. 平民老百姓的生活 10.从19世纪末到二十世纪中期
11.把某人送到某地 12.毕业后 13. 回到中国 14.被称为--- 15.在老舍茶馆 16.热情欢迎--- 17.发生 18.中国最伟大的作家之一 19.二十世纪前半期 20.思考社会
21.一个很好的选择 22.对---正合适，适合于--- 23.把---演的活灵活现，演的逼真 24.表现的相当出色，做的很棒 25.茶馆的主人 26.同时
27.现代中国 28.对人们的生活了解了许多 29.大约公元前600年
1.the main thing 2.have no idea
3.offer to do sth offer sb sth =offer sth to sb 4.take sb to some place 5.at last/in the end 6.next time 7.be famous for ---as ---to sb
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8.in Chinese society 9.the lives of common people
10.from the end of the nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century
11.send sb to ---12.after finishing school 13.return to China =come /go back to China 14.be named ---15.at Lao She Teahouse 16.give a welcome to sb 17.take place
18.one of China’s greatest writers 19.the first half of the twentieth century
20.think about society 21.a very good choice
22.be right for ---23.bring----to life 24.do a very good job 25.the owner of the teahouse 26.at the same time 27.modern china 28.learn a lot about people’s lives 29.around 600BC 三 重点句型
1.我想看京剧所以玲玲主动提出带我去那里 2.京剧的戏词很难懂，但男演员和女演员很棒。
3.我们本来计划只看一个小时，但最后我们待了三个小时。 4.我希望下次懂更多点。他的希望是下次懂的更多。 5.1918年毕业后，他成为一所小学的校长。 6.老舍是个伟大的作家，他尤其以他的话剧茶馆出名 7.贝蒂去了茶馆后了解了老舍 8.茶馆是老舍最著名的戏剧之一。
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9.它描述的是中国社会50多年的变化。 10.他妈妈在1913年把他送到了一个师范学校。
1.I wanted to see the Beijing Opera ,so Lingling offered to take me there. 2.The words of the opera were difficult to understand,but the actors and actresses were excellent. 3.we only planned to watch for an hour,but in the end we stayed for three hours.
4.I hope to understand more next time. His hope is to understand more next time.
5.After finishing school in 1918, he became a head teacher of a primary school.
6.Lao She is a great writer , and he’s especially famous for his play Teahouse.
7.Betty knew about Lao She after she went to the teahouse/after going to the teahouse.
8.Teahouse is one of Lao She’s most famous plays.
9.It describes the changes in Chinese society over fifty years. 10.His mother sent him to a teacher’s school in 1913. 11.大家很容易理解这个故事和看到中国社会的变化 12.他在伦敦的一所大学里教汉语并且在五年后回到了中国。
13.他写了许多关于人民生活的戏剧，小说，短故事，被称为“人民艺术家” 14.老舍是20世纪最伟大的作家之一。
15.在今天的老舍茶馆，顾客可以边喝茶边吃可口的北京食品。
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16.如果你喜欢传统音乐和魔术表演，你可以在茶馆欣赏它们。 17.老舍茶馆热情欢迎来自世界各地的每一个人。 18.鲁迅希望帮助中国人民变得健康和强壮。 19.所以他决定成为一个医生。
20.几年后，他开始写短篇小说，因为他想教人们了解社会
11.It’s easy for everyone to understand the story and see the changes in Chinese society.
12.He taught Chinese at a college in London and returned to China five years later.
13.He wrote many plays ,novels and short stories about people’s lives, and was named “the People’s Artist”. 14.Lao She is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the twentieth century. 15.At Lao She Teahouse today, customers can drink tea and eat delicious Beijing food.
16.If you like the Beijing Opea, traditional music or magic shows, you can enjoy them at the teahouse.
17.Lao She Teahouse gives a warm welcome to everyone from all over the world.
18.LuXun hoped to help the Chinese people become healthy and strong. 19.So he decided to be /become a doctor.
20.After a few years/ A few years later, he began/started to write short stories, because he wanted to teach people about society.
21.它描述的是阿Q的艰辛生活并且使人们对社会进行思考。
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22.在二十世纪二十年代，人们开始把他的作品翻译成英语。 23.本年度的学校戏剧是个很好的选择。
24.对于约100年前中国人民的生活我们了解了很多。 25.男女演员们都表现得相当出色。
26.李楠，那个扮演王立发的学生，是最出色的。 27.他把从青年到老年的王立发演的活灵活现。
21.It describes the hard life of Ah Q and makes people think about society. 22.In the 1920s, people began to translate his works into English. 23.This year’s school play was a very good choice.
24.We learnt a lot about people’s lives in China some /about/aroundone hundred years ago.
25.The actors and actresses all did a very good job. 26.Li Nan . the student playing Wang Lifa, was the best. 27.He brought Wang Lifa to life, from young man to an old man.
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Module6 Animals in danger
Unit1 It allows people to get closer to them. 1. animals in danger
= endangered animals 濒危动物 endanger vt. 使…处于危险之中
endangered adj. 处于危险之中的 （过去分词变来的形容词） in danger处于危险之中 out of danger 摆脱危险
danger-safety n. dangerous-safe adj. 2. allow sb. to do sth. 同意、允许某人做某事 Some snakes allow people to touch them. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
We are not allowed to eat junk food (垃圾食品) in the classroom. agree to do sth. disagree vi. 不同意 agree with sb. agreement n. 3. get close(r) to…
4. sb. be interested to do sth.
= It be interesting for sb. to do sth. (it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式是真正的主语)
Sb. be interested in (doing) sth.
take/ have/ show interest in (doing) sth.对…感兴趣
He is reading the latest novel by Mo Yan with great interest.（介词短语做状语修饰动词reading）
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他饶有兴趣地阅读莫言的最新小说。 5. think of
He is sad to think of his dead pet.
=It is sad (for him) to think of his dead pet. What do you think of the nature park? =How you do you like …?
6. We need to protect animals. sb. need to do sth. sb. need sth./sb.
sth. need doing= sth. need to be done The floor needs sweeping. = The floor needs to be swept. wild animals adj.
in the wild n. in (the) nature 在自然界 It’s natural for everyone to make miskates. grow big /small/ tall/ old
eg: You are growing taller day by day while I’m growing older year by year. 你们在一天天地长高而我在一年一年地变老。 They grow vegetables in the backyard. 9. take away 带走，拿走 put away收拾起来放好 run away 逃跑 throw away 扔掉
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(be) far away from…离…很遥远 send sb. away把某人打发走；解雇某人 blow away 吹走 10. enough (adj.) + n. adj./adv. + enough (adv.)
Pandas don’t have enough bamboo to eat. She doesn’t have enough money to buy a flat. He is strong enough to lift the heavy box. He can run fast enough to catch a train. 11. live in peace= live peacefully 12. notice n.注意；布告；通知；预告 v.通知；留心；关照；注意到
The notice says,” We need your help.”布告上写着…. notice sb. do sth (强调整个过程或经常性的动作) notice sb. doing sth.（强调动作正在进行） I often notice her help him with English after class.
I noticed her smiling secretly in the corner just now. 我刚才注意到她在角落里偷偷地笑。
13. look after sb. well = take good care of sb.
14. We can give money in order to/to help protect the animals. 15. raise money 筹钱 （举手） If you know the answer, please raise your hand.
Let’s find out what else we can do to save as many animals as possible.
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find out查明、搞清楚事情的，找到、算出问题的答案 The teacher found out it was Tony who broke the vase.
find找到丢失的物品或失踪的人物(找的结果)
look for 寻找（找的动作） I looked for my wallet everywhere, but I couldn’t find it.
17. share sth. with sb.
Would you like to share your umbrella with me? 18.It makes me mad! make…adj. make sb. do The boss made him work 12 hours a day.
19. It isn’t right to kill animals to make money/ for money. 为了挣钱而杀戮动物是不对的。
20. help n. [U] v.
Thanks for your help.= Thanks for helping me. help sb. do sth.= help sb. with sth. help (to) do sth.
Unit2 The WWF is working hard to save them all.
1. WWF is short for the World Wide Fund for Nature. 是…简称，缩略形式 2. The number of pandas is the smallest, so pandas are one of the animals most in danger. 熊猫的数量是最少的，因此他们是最濒危的动物之一。
3. research n. 研究, 调查 do a lot of research
research centres 研究中心
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4.The situation is getting difficult/serious. 5. They mainly feed on/live on bamboo. 【U】 他们主要以竹子为食。
Sheep feed on grass. 绵羊以草为食。
6. In order to protect pandas in the wild, the government is setting up nature parks and developing other plans.
同义句转换 He got up early this morning in order to/ so as to/to catch the early bus.
=He got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus. 7.You aren’t allowed to feed the animals in the zoo. feed-fed-fed be fed up with…= be tired of 对…感到厌烦 8. pandas born in zoos 出生在动物园里的熊猫 （过去分词短语做定语）
9.have enough food to eat and enough places to live (动词不定式做定语) 10.choose sb. to do sth.
It chose the panda to be its symbol. =It chose the panda as its symbol. The panda is a/the symbol of China. The rose is the symbol of love. 11. worry about… 侧重动作 be worried about… 侧重状态
12.make a better life for sb. 13.It’s hard to believe that there are only about 100 South China tigers left on
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earth.很难相信地球上大约只剩100只华南虎了。
（left是过去分词短语做定语） 11. stop to do sth. 停下来做某事
He was so tired that he had to stop to have a rest. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Stop talking. It’s time for class.
stop sb. (from) doing sth.=keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 She tried to stop them throwing litter about. at the bus stop come to a stop 停下来
Unluckily, the bus hit the fence(栅栏) and came to a stop suddenly. 15. help animals live safely 16. wildlife club野生动物俱乐部
17.例如 for example(后接句子)； such as (后接名词、动名词短语，注意前面不能用句号断开)
Eg：I have many hobbies such as listening to music and seeing films.
I have many hobbies. For example, I enjoy listening to music. 18. in the wild 在野外
19. provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. to sb.=offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.提供某人某物
20. There be sb. doing sth.有某人正在干什么 There are lots of scientists working at the zoo.
There are big crowds of people shopping in the mall. 购物中心有很多人群在
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购物。
21. disagree with sb. 不同意某人的观点 22. a lot more relaxing 放松得多
23. stay/keep healthy/fit/happy/cool/calm 24.fly over the head 从头顶飞过 25. be careful with…对…小心翼翼
Please be careful with the glass because it’s easy to break. 26.at the top of the Empire State在帝国大厦顶部 27.a warm current 一股暖流 28. in the cold waters 在寒冷的水域 29. The penguins were too sick to travel. 这些企鹅病得太严重了不能旅行了。 He is too young to care for himself. 他太小了，并不能照顾自己。
=He isn’t old enough to look after himself. = He is so young that he can’t take care of himself. 30. die- died- died v.
dying adj. 垂死挣扎的，奄奄一息的 dead adj. death n.
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Module7 A famous story
Unit1 Alice was sitting with her sister by the river. 1. a girl called Alice 2. sit by the river
a table of four by the window 靠窗的四人座的桌子
3. a white rabbit with pink eyes a lovely girl with big eyes 4. run past/by （后可接宾语） 5. follow sb./sth.
(1) go after …跟着某人
A man is following / going after her. (2) 听从；遵循规则、章程 follow one’s advice/school rules （3）理解
Don’t speak quickly, or I can’t follow you. 6.fall- fell -fallen 跌倒
fall down/into the hole掉到洞里 fall down from…= fall off…从某地跌倒 昨天她从自行车上跌下来。
She fell down from / fell off the bike yesterday. Look！The falling leaves are like butterflies. The ground is covered with fallen leaves.
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feel- felt-felt感觉，感到;摸起来 7.注意区分介词 in 和on
1)There is a huge hole in the ground. 2)There is a dog lying on the ground. 3)Please put up the clock on the wall.
4)There are four big windows in the wall of the classroom.教室的墙上有四扇大窗。
5)There are plenty of apples on the tree. 6)My kite is high in the tree. Can you help me? 8. smile at sb. 朝某人微笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
9.arrive at/in =get to= reach后接地点 不接地点的时候用arrive
They were fighting when we arrived. 10. have/go to a tea party at a party/meeting
11. play a strange game
strange= unusual stranger n.
12.Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland 《爱丽丝梦游奇境》 take/have adventures 去冒险 adventure stories 冒险故事 character [ˈkærəktə(r)] n. 角色
the Mad Hatter疯帽匠 the March Hare 三月兔 the White Rabbit the Cheshire Cat 柴郡猫 the Queen of Hearts 红桃王后
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13. if “如果”，引导条件状语从句（主将从现） “是否”，引导宾语从句（陈述句语序） 3) 如果明天不下雨，我去逛街。 If it doesn’t rain, I’ll go shopping.
= I’ll go shopping if it isn’t rainy tomorrow. 4) 我想知道今天你是否上班迟到了。
I want to know if you were late for work today. 14. do an interview 做一个采访
15. a place where rabbits live一个兔子居住的地方 Unit 2 She was thinking about her cat.
14. get tired/bored/excited/frightened(害怕的) 2.have nothing to do
3. once or twice 偶尔；不时的 sooner or later迟早
If you don’t listen to me, you’ll regret sooner or later.如果你不听我的，迟早会后悔。
4. look into 往…里看；浏览；调查
The government promised to look into the matter. 5. what… for=why What do you study hard for ? = Why do you study hard ?
6. a book without pictures or conversations Without air or water, men can’t live on Earth.
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= Men can’t live on Earth without air or water. 7. think of sb./sth.想念某人或某物
think of/about doing sth. think hard 使劲想 think it over仔细考虑 Think twice before you leap.三思而后行。 8. nothing strange 没什么奇怪的事情 someone famous 名人 somewhere warm 暖和的地方 （形容词修饰不定代词，位置放后面） 今天的报纸没什么新内容。
There is nothing new in today’s newspaper. 9.区分
hear/see sb. do sth.
听到或看到某人做了某事全过程或经常做某事 hear /see sb. doing sth. 听到或看到某人正在做某事
类似的动词还有feel/ watch / look at / listen to/notice/find 1) 我经常听到小鸟在树上唱歌。 I often hear little birds sing in the tree. 2) 我爷爷经常看我弹琴。
My grandpa often watches me play the piano. 3) 昨天当我到家时，我看见妈妈在用萝卜喂兔子。
When I got home yesterday, I saw my mum feeding the rabbit with a carrot. 4) She heard some kids ______ (sing) when she returned to the school.
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(singing)
5) I saw his wallet _____ (fall) onto the ground. (fall)
10.She thought it was strange.(否定句) She didn’t think it was strange.(否定前移) 我认为他是不对的。 I don’t think he is right.
11. take sth. out of / from… 从…拿出…
He took some coins out of/from his pocket quickly. 他快速地从口袋掏出几个硬币。
12.get up 起床；起身
13. run across the field/square/river/road/street run through the forest/city/gate/hole 注意 across 横穿；穿过平面 go across=cross through穿过一个空间 run after=chase追赶 她正追着那个男人横过马路。
She is running across the road after the man. 一只鸟追着一只蜜蜂从窗子飞出去了。
A bird flew through the window after the bee. 15. go down a hole
16. It was too dark for her to see anything. 太黑了….什么都看不见
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结构： too +形、副（for sb.) + to do sth. =… enough to do sth.
= so/such…that…（句子用否定形式） 对动物来说，这水太脏了不能喝。
The water is too dirty for animals to drink =The water is so dirty that animals can’t drink it. 这问题对我来说太难回答。
This question is too difficult for me to answer. This question is so difficult that I can’t answer it. 这件外套对他来说太大不能穿。 This coat is too large for him to wear. = This coat is so large that he can’t wear it. It is such a large coat that he can’t wear it.
17. She never thought about how she was going to get out again. how 引导的句子作宾语从句时，用陈述句结构。 如： 我不知道他在哪里。 I don’t know where he is.
转换成 She never thought about how to get out again. how+动词不定式 做about的宾语 18. think about 考虑 （thought- thought）
think of 想起,认为 What do you think of…? think over 仔细考虑 think it over 考虑再三 19. land n. vi.
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The elephant is the largest land animal. =The elephant is the largest animal on land. The plane landed safely at last.
land on some dry leaves 落在一些干树叶上 20.with 用
She opened the door with the key.
He bought himself a suit with his pocket money. 21. go off (灯) 熄灭
22. call sb. up = ring sb. (up) = telephone/phone/call sb.
= give sb. a ring/ phone 给某人打电话 23. when和 while的区分 延续性动词和瞬间动词：
延续性动词指一个可以持续一段时间的动作，比如：work, study, swim, walk, run, wait, stay, sleep等。
瞬间动词指一个动作一开始就结束了，常见的如：open, close, go, come, get +…短语, leave, arrive, borrow, buy, die,等。
跟在while后面的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词； Please look after my cat while we’re away. I fell asleep while I was reading a novel.
when后面从句中的动词一般是瞬间动词的，有时也有延续性动词。 Breakfast was ready when I got up. When I left home, it began to rain.
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24.区分 That’s because…那是因为…… That’s why… 那就是……的原因。
1) He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come to school yesterday. 2) He didn’t come to school yesterday. That’s because he was ill. 25. 祈使句，or （否则）/and…
1) Work hard, or you won’t pass the exam. = Work hard, and you will pass the exam.
3) Be quick, or you will miss the train. = Be quick, and you won’t miss the train. 26. … before it’s done= before it is done 27. knock on/at the door/window knock over the milk 把牛奶打翻 28.take place 发生
take the place of…=take one’s place代替 He is busy. I’ll take his place.
29. This is the stupidest/ the most stupid tea party I’ve ever been to in all my life.
30. The stories passed from generation to generation. 这些故事代代相传。 generation gap 代沟 31. entertain 招待，款待
entertainment n. 招待，款待; 娱乐 entertaining adj.
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Module8 Accidents
Unit1 While the lights were changing into red, a car suddenly appeared.. 1. sb. have an accident = an accident happen to sb. 某人发生了意外
a traffic/road accident 一场道路交通事故 2. talk on the/one’s mobile/cell phone 3. look pale/tired/excited/unhappy…
类似的感官动词：sound听起来 smell闻起来 taste尝起来 feel 摸起来；感觉，感到
联系动词 seem 似乎 become/get/turn 变得 keep/stay happy/healthy/fit/calm/cool/still 4. ride a bike/e-bike/motorbike/horse/camel 5. wait to do sth.
can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事 He couldn’t wait to open his present. 6.cross the road= go/walk across the road 7. appear vi. 出现 disappear vi. 消失 appearance n. 外表，外貌
(1)The sun appeared from behind the clouds after the sudden heavy rain. 突如其来的大雨过后，太阳从云背后钻出来了。 (2)He quickly disappeared in the darkness. 他很快消失在黑暗中。
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(3)Don’t judge a person by his appearance. 不能以貌取人。 8. 注意介词的区分
(1)A car appeared/ came round/around the corner.
(2)The newsstand(报刊亭) is on/at the corner of the street. (3)He was crying sadly in the corner of his room. 9.hit-hit-hit hitting
(1)He was driving carelessly along the road when he suddenly hit the lamp post on the right.
他正粗心地沿着公路开车，突然撞到了右边的灯柱。 (2) She is hitting the box with a hammer(锤子). (3)The song became a big hit in 1945. 这首歌在1945年风靡大江南北。
n. 成功而轰动（或风行）一时的事物（如唱片、电影或戏剧） 10. in time 及时 on time 准时
(1)The ambulance arrived in time and sent him to hospital. 救护车及时到达并把他送到医院去了。
(2) Being on time is a good virture.准时是一种美德。 11. fall off = fall down from (fell) fall off a tree/bike/ladder(梯子) feel- felt fall down 摔倒 12. hurt-hurt-hurt
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(1)He hurt his knee. vt. 弄痛、弄伤 (2)His knee hurts badly. vt. 感到疼痛 (3)His knee gets/is hurt. adj. 受伤的 hurt oneself
(4)Be careful not to hurt yourself with the sharp knife.小心不要用那把刀子伤了你自己。
13. pain n. painful adj. painfully adv. He is in great pain.=He is very painful. He cried in a lot of pain. =He cried painfully.
14. think about考虑 (thought) think of 想起，想出；认为 think over 仔细考虑 think hard 努力思考
15. take a risk take risks 冒险 take the risk of (doing) sth. at the risk of doing sth.
When you’re on your bike, think about the risk of an accident. He jumped into the river to save her at the risk of losing his own life. = He took the risk of losing his own life to jump into the river to save her. 他冒着失去自己的生命的危险，跳进河里救她。 16. pay attention to (doing) sth. pay little/no attention to…不重视
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pay much/great attention to… 非常重视 17.side by side 肩并肩 hand in hand 手牵着手 arm in arm 胳膊挽着胳膊 neck and neck 并驾齐驱 18.at traffic lights 在红绿灯处 obey traffic rules 遵守交通规则
Unit 2 I was trying to pick it up when it bit me again. 15. use sth. to do = do sth. with….用…做… We use our ears to listen.=We listen with our ears. 2.bite-bit-bitten biting v.
bite one’s hand= bite sb. in the hand
He took another bite of apple. 他又咬了一口苹果。 3. a few days earlier/ ago 几天前 several days later= after some days 几天后 4. climb out (of…) 反义词 climb into… go climbing 去爬山 climber 登山运动员
5. pick up 捡起某物；自己慢慢爬起来；接载某人；学会 (1)He picked his cap up from the floor.
(2)He picked himself up and went on running along the track. 他自己慢慢爬起来，沿着跑道继续跑下去。 (3) I’ll pick you up at your office.
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(4) She picked up French by herself at the age of 60. 她60岁的时候开始自学法语。
pick flowers/apples/cotton/corn 摘花、摘苹果、摘棉花、摘玉米 6. throw… across the kitchen (threw) throw…away 把……扔掉
He threw his arms around the shoulders of his son. 他一把搂住他儿子的肩膀。
What a pity that Quyuan threw himself into the Miluo River! 屈原跳进汨罗江，真是太遗憾了！
7. land on the table
8. hide-hid-hidden hiding
(1)Go and find the cat. It is hiding behind the door. (2)She hid her face in her hands and cried sadly. 她用双手捂住脸，伤心的哭了起来。
(3) Let’s play hide and seek(躲喵喵), shall we? 9.区分while, when和as，引导时间状语从句 while 的用法
(1)两个句子都是进行时态
I am talking while you are listening now.
My mother was cooking in the kitchen while my father was reading newspapers in the sofa at six last night.
(2) while引导的句子中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或be+adj./adv.
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Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
Would you like to look after my house while I am away? (3)“然而”，表示对照、转折 Lily is active while Lucy is quiet. (4) n. 一段时间
After a while, the rain stopped. when 的用法
(1)I was having dinner when there was a knock on the door. When Ms Gu came in, Tim was crying in the corner. (2) It began to rain when he just arrived home. (3) I will let you know when she comes.（主将从现） (4) The train had left when he got to the station. as的用法
(1)As he was lying there in great pain, Henry suddenly remembered the photo.
(2)The girl sings as she goes to school.
(3)As time went by, she became more and more beautiful . (4)Just as the flying ball hit her face, she gave a loud cry. 10. as soon as 一……就
(1)I always fill my stomach with some snacks as soon as I reach home. (2) He began to do his homework as soon as he arrived home. (3)I will let you know as soon as she comes. （主将从现） 11.hurt badly
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12. hurry to hospital= go to hospital in a hurry leave hospital出院 13.get worse 15. what kind of snake
16.give/take the right medicine a medical school 一所医学院 17. the next/following day 第二天 18. advise sb. to do sth. suggest doing
19. show sb. sth/=show sth. to sb.
20. as you know as we (all) know 众所周知 21. (1)if “如果”，引导条件状语从句
If it doesn’t rain tonight, we’ll go jogging in the park. (2)if “是否”，引导宾语从句
Tony asked Lingling so many questions to see if she still remembered the story.
I have no idea if she will come tomorrow.我不知道明天她是否会来。 22. get read for= prepare for 为…….做准备
(1)Are you getting ready for the coming final exam? 你在为即将到来的期末考试做准备吗？
(2)Come on！Supper is ready.快来，晚饭准备好了! (3)Are you ready to start? 你准备好出发了吗？
23.on the way home from school/work 在放学、下班回家路上
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24. as usual 和…….往常一样 than usual 比往常更…….
(1)I found him in the garden, dreaming away as usual. 我发现他像平日一样在花园里做着好梦.
(2)He got up earlier than usual to catch the first train. 25. kind-hearted adj. 仁慈的，好心的，善良的 warm-hearted adj. 热心的，富有同情心的 cold-hearted adj. 冷淡的，无情的，铁石心肠的 26. good/bad luck n.
lucky adj. lucky number/star 幸运数字、幸运星 luckily adv. 27.promise to do sth.
28. an emergency landing 紧急降落 29.take off 脱下；起飞 30.决定做某事
make a decision to do sth. decide to do sth.
make up one’s mind to do sth. 31. avoid (doing) sth. [əˈvɔɪd] v.避免
She is always careful to avoid mistakes/accidents. She chose to stay at home to avoid meeting others. 32. a terrible disaster [dɪˈzɑ:stə(r)]
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一场可怕的灾难
33.crew [kru:] n. 机组成员，全体船员 34. stay/keep calm/cool 保持冷静 [中考链接]
1. —What did the teacher say just now? — Sorry. I didn’t catch it. I ____ something else.
A. think B. will think C. was thinking D. had thought
2. When I came back yesterday evening, my brother _____ his homework. A. is doing B. has done C. was doing 3. Mrs White ____dinner when her son came home. A. is cooking B. was cooking C. are cooking D. were cooking Keys: CCB
1. —Did you see Mr. Black just now? —Yes. He ____ his car when I met him. A. parked B. was parking C. parks D. will park
2. The girl suddenly fell ______ the bike and I sent her to hospital at once. A. on B. of C. off D. to
3. Yesterday evening, I was walking along the street _______ I suddenly met my maths teacher.
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A. when B. while C. but 4. — Where were you at 7:00 last night? — I _____ to my mom at home.
A. write B. was writing C. wrote Keys: BCAB 范文：
One day, when Bill was walking along the street slowly, a black dog suddenly appeared and bit his left leg. There was a little blood on it and Bill was in great pain/ felt very painful.
A few days earlier the dog arrived from the country in an old car. It was new here and not friendly to everyone. When Bill was trying to pick up a stone to throw at it, it bit him again. Bill had to cry for help. Luckily, someone heard him and helped to drive the frightening dog away with a stick. After he said thanks, Bill hurried to hospital alone.
While the doctor was checking him, his pain even got worse. As soon as Bill took the right medicine, he felt better and left hospital soon.
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Module9 Population
Unit1 The population of China is about 1.37 billion.(读作one point three seven billion或one point thirty-seven)
1. China has a population of about 1.37 billion. =China has about 1.37 billion people.
=There are around 1.37 billion people in China. （注意population与people不连用） 划线提问
What’s the population of China? =How many people does China have? =How many people are there in China? a large/big/small population 翻译：重庆的人口比北京多。
Chongqing has a larger/bigger population than Beijing.
The population of Chongqing is larger/bigger than that of Beijing. Half of the population in the town are farmers. 2. prepare (sth.) for…= get (sth.) ready for… note n. 笔记；便笺；钞票；音符；声调，语气 vt. 注意；记录；对…加注释；指出 take/write/make notes 做笔记
3. a report called the growing/increasing population 过去分词短语做定语 grow-grew-grown v.增长(大);生长;种植;长高,变老
4. We’re in the right place to talk about…正是谈论…的恰当时机。
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5. cause problems/trouble/worry vt. 成为…的原因;导致;引起;使遭受
cause sb sth.=cause sth. to sb. (后接双宾语) cause sb./sth. to do （宾语补足语）
Driving carelessly is likely to cause accidents. 粗心大意的驾驶可能导致车祸。
His rude behavior caused him a lot of trouble. n. 原因;动机;(某种行为、感情等的)理由;缘故
Smoking is the biggest preventable cause of death and disease.在可以预防的引发死亡和疾病的因素当中，吸烟排在第一位。
6.too much traffic/noise/rubbish/pollution too many cars/problems/flats/pupils pollute [pəˈlu:t] vt. 污染
The air is heavily/seriously polluted. 空气被严重污染了。 noise n. [U] 噪音；[C]声音 noisy adj. noisily adv.
Don’t make a noise.或Don’t make any noise.
I can’t stand（忍受）the ____ in the classroom because it’s too_____. They are talking _____.
7. population increase [ˈinkri:s] n. [ɪnˈkri:s] v.
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增加，增大，增多 ; 增强，增进,提高 an increase in population 人口增长
The world’s population/The population of the world is still increasing. 8. That makes over 131.4 million births a year. 那就造成每年一亿三千一百四十万的婴儿出生。 注意大数字的读法
one hundred and thirty-one point four million What makes a good League member? 优秀的团员应具备什么样品质? give birth to sb. 生下某人
9.分数的读法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1的时候，分母要加s 五分之一： a/one fifth 五分之二： two fifths
四分之一： a/one fourth (a quarter) 四分之三： three fourths (three quarters) 二分之一： a/one second (a half) 三分之二： two thirds
分数/百分比+of+名词作主语，谓语动词取决于of后面的名词
Three quarters of the earth is covered with water. 地球四分之三覆盖着水。 One percent of the strawberries in the box have gone bad. 箱子里百分之一的草莓已经变质了。
11. hang on a minute稍等 hang-hung-hung wait a minute= just a moment
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12. at the start/beginning of… at the end of…
13. be free to do sth. 自由地做… adj. 空闲的;免费的;免税的；
She is fond of shopping in her free time. I have two free tickets. Would you like one? He got the suit for free. 他免费得到这套西装。
14….that is,….即；就是；换句话说；更确切地说(表进一步解说) Unit2 Arnwick was a city with 200,000 people. 1.Arnwick was a city with a population of 200,000. 阿恩威克是一个20万人口的城市。(注意：population和people不连用) 2.move to sp. (家)搬到……
move sth. away 把……移开、搬走
The stone is in the way. Do you mind moving it away? 那块石头挡道了。你介意把它移开吗？
(mind doing介意某人干某事) moving adj. moved adj.
The report in today’s newspaper was so moving that everyone was moved to tears.
今天报纸上的报道感人至深，每个人都感动得流泪了。 3. have problems in doing sth.做某事有问题 solve problems 解决问题 (1)problem是客观存在的问题，如
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population/pollution/environmental/housing problem人口问题、污染问题、环境问题、住房问题
math problems 数学问题
(2)question是指疑难问题，需要解答的 ask/answer questions 提问，回答问题 quest [kwest] n.& v.
They travelled in quest of gold. in quest of liberty/peace/adventure 追求自由、追求和平(安宁)、追求冒险活动 in the quest for truth/a bright future 探索真理、追求光明的未来
4. 实义动词的用法：有人称、数和时态的变化，即三单和一般过去式 人做主语need sth./sb. need to do sth
To stay healthy, you need to do sports regularly and keep a balanced diet.为了保持健康，你需要有规律地运动并保持均衡的饮食。
物做主语 need doing=need to be done The shoes need repairing. = The shoes need to be repaired. 情态动词的用法：只用于否定或疑问句中 -Need I rewrite the composition? 我需要重写这篇文章吗？
-No, you needn’t/you don’t have to.
-Yes, you must. Sorry, you have to./I’m afraid you have to.
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need n.
A friend in need is a friend indeed. [谚]患难见真情. There’s no need of/for money.不需要钱。 There’s no need to set off so early. 不需要这么早动身。
5. in the city centre= in the centre of the city
in the middle of… 指一条线上的中间，这条线可以是空间也可以是时间。 in the centre of 指一片区域的中心。
英语拼法 (Br E) 美语拼法(Am E) 公斤、千克kilogramme kilogram 方案、节目programme program 举止、行为behaviour behavior
颜色colour color 特别喜爱的favourite favorite
风味flavour flavor 荣誉honour honor 劳动labour labor 中心centre center 纤维fibre fiber 公尺metre meter 剧场 theatre theater 组织organise organize 实现realise realize
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旅行 travelling traveling grey（灰色的） gray shop（商店） store autumn(秋天) fall railway（铁路） railroad holiday(假期) vacation film(电影) movie cinema(电影院) movie theatre 6. a block of flats 一幢公寓大楼
flat adj. 平的；单调的；不景气的；干脆的 a flat tyre 一只瘪了的轮胎 a pair of flat shoes 一双平底鞋
You’d better avoid lying flat. 你最好避免平卧。adv. 7. become part of… (became) 8. be crowded with… 挤满…… be covered with…铺满……. be filled with….装满…..充满…….
(1)The coach was crowded with passengers.
(2)The fields were covered with snow and everything was white. (3)The bottle is filled with grape juice. The room is filled with smoke. 9. local people/school/products 当地人，当地学校，土特产
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10. close down 关闭，倒闭
11.It takes an hour to get there by bus.
12. clear adj. 清楚的，清晰的；清澈的；清醒的；晴朗的；v. 打扫，清除 clearly adv.
(1)It is clear that he told a lie. 显而易见，他撒谎了。
(2)The water is so clear that we can see plenty of fish swimming at the bottom of the stream.
溪水清澈见底，我们能看见许多鱼在游泳。
(3)She needs a clear head to carry out her instructions. 她需要一个头脑清醒的人来执行自己的指令。 (4)Don’t cross the road until it is clear. (地方)畅通的，无阻碍的
(5) On clear days, we can see most of London.
(6)He is clearing the table after supper.吃过晚饭他正在收拾桌子。
(7)He opened his eyes round so that he could see the blackboard clearly. 他睁圆了双眼，为了能看清楚黑板。 13. public services 公共设施
a public/private school 一个公立(私立)学校 It’s rude to talk loudly on the phone in public. 在公共场合下大声地打电话是很粗鲁的。 14.The police are coming.们马上就到了。 15. in fact= actually 事实上，实际上
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16. describe v.
Can you describe what your son looks like? 17. the same… as… 反义词组 be different from Her hairstyle is the same as yours. =She has the same hairstyle as you. 她的发型和你的一样的。
18. produce/make much rubbish 制造(产生)很多垃圾
19. make efforts to do sth. 尽力做某事 =make an/every effort to do= try to do sth. 20. protect… against/from…
It’s a good idea to wear a hat to protect yourself against/from the bright sunshine
21. air/water/environmental/noise pollution. 大气污染，水污染，环境污染，噪音污染 22.table 一般的表格
chart 有曲线变化或柱状分布的图表
diagram [ˈdaɪəgræm] (文字为主)图解或一个圆分成好多份的那种 23. health problem 健康问题 health care 健康保健
24. face n. 面容；表面；脸；方面 v. 面对；面向…；正视；承认
(1)A strong wind was blowing right in my face.
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(2)We are all trying our best because no one would like to lose face. 全力以赴; 丢脸
(3)Are you brave enough to face the problem alone? 25.cut down 砍倒, 砍掉；减少(开支、文章字数等)
(1) Cutting down too many trees is harmful to the environment. 滥砍滥伐对环境危害很大。
(2)He tried to cut down on smoking and keep a balanced diet. 他尽量少吸烟，保持均衡的饮食
(3) The article is too long. Please cut it down to 500 words. 请把它削减到500字。
26.区别die of和die from
(1) die of死于疾病(心脏病，癌症，发烧等); 或冻死、饿死、气死、过度悲伤、渴死、羞死
eg: die of illness (heart trouble/disease, cancer, a fever, etc)/cold/ hunger /anger /grief/thirst /shame
(2) die from死于事故(地震、交通事故、闪电、中风等)、污水、劳累过度、受伤 eg: die from an accident(an earthquake, a traffic accident, a lightning, a stroke, etc)/polluted air /overwork /a wound
(3)die out绝迹，消失；绝种；绝灭；淘汰
Dinosaurs (恐龙) died out thousands of years ago. (4)die for sth. 渴望…
I'm dying for a breath of fresh air. 我非常渴望能呼吸到新鲜空气。
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She was dying to talk to Frank. 她很想同弗兰克谈谈。 27. as a result
He worked hard at his lessons last term. As a result, he passed the exam easily.
28. daily use/life/papers daily adj. n. & adv. 日常使用、日常生活、日报
The visitor centre is open daily from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm. 游客中心每日上午8点至下午6点开放。
29. be good for…对…有好处
be good to…=be friendly/nice to…对…好(友好) be good at…=do well in…擅长…. 30.冠词和数词 见书本P130-132
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Module10 The weather Unit1 It might snow.
1.用于肯定句中表示猜测的情态动词must>may>might
用于否定句中表示猜测 can’t (不可能) >may not(也许不) >might not It may/might (也许) be cold tomorrow. =It will probably/possibly be cold.
= Maybe/Perhaps it will be cold tomorrow. It’s possible that it will be cold tomorrow. （否定句）It may/might not be cold. It must（肯定） be cold. （否定句）It can’t be cold.
2.weather forecast/report for the next 24 hours （感叹句）What fine/bad/terrible weather!
What a fine day! (注意weather是不可数名词，day是可数名词) How terrible the weather is!
3. thick/thin ice
4. freezing cold 刺骨的 freeze-froze-frozen 结冰，冰冻 5. You must be joking! 你肯定在开玩笑
joke v. & n. tell jokes讲笑话
play jokes on sb.=make fun of sb.开某人的玩笑 6. — What’s the temperature?
— It’s between minus five and (plus) one degrees! / It’s minus five to
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one degrees!
零下5度到1度之间。
Xi’an will be cold with a temperature of/from minus one to (plus) four degrees.
It’s sunny with a temperature between…and…
The lowest temperature is minus five degrees (或five degrees below zero) and the highest
temperature is one degree.
stay above zero fall below zero
7. What’s the weather like …? = How is the weather …?
(shower) showery stormy rainy icy foggy snowy cloudy windy stormy wet-dry hot-cold cool-warm humid damp潮湿的
8. although = though conj. 然而; 尽管, 引导的从句可以与 but, however 互换，但不能与它们连用, 可与 yet, still 连用。
1) 虽然他很累，但他继续工作。
Although/Though he was tired, he still went on working. = He was tired, but he still went on working.
2) 尽管他相当忙，但是还常常帮我学英语。
He often helps me with my English although / though he is quite busy. = He is quite busy, but he often helps me with my English. 9. I wish I were in Australia now.
虚拟语气，表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。
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I wish I were/was a bird flying in the sky freely.
但愿我是一只在天空自由飞翔的鸟儿。 10. better get going
是 we’d better get going 的省略形式, 意思是“最好现在去/ 走”。 =had better go
had better (not)do sth.
11. get warm(er)/cool(er)/long(er)/short(er) turn green /gold/yellow/pale
become angry/strong/ more and more beautiful change to red change into… go bad/mad/crazy/wrong
12.at least 至少，最少 （反义词组） at most Unit 2 The weather is fine all year round.
1.choose carefully the places to see and the time to go choose sb. sth.=choose sth. for sb. choose (not) to do sth. choice n. 2. travel around
3.The best time to visit New England is in September. 4. take photos of the autumn leaves 5. forget/remember to do sth. 6. bring/take…with sb.
an umbrella a university/European wolf
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(chose-chosen) 7.Bring your swimsuit because you might want to swim in the sea. 8. compared to/with other places(常做状语，可放在句首也可放在句末) Compared to other boys, Jim is much cleverer. Jim is much cleverer compared to other boys compare A to B 把A比作B （不同类） People often compare teachers to candles. Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose. compare A with B 把A和B做比较 (同类) The teacher likes to compare Jim with Tom. 9.from time to time 有时，偶尔；时常 sometimes=at times 10. any time you like 11. be/sound similar to
The word “mouse” sounds similar to “mouth”. 12. depend on 根据…而定;依靠，依赖
Whether to have a picnic depends on the weather. We should depend on ourselves.
The best time to visit Jiaxing depends on what kind of activities you are interested in.
13. The Brazilian rainforest (巴西热带雨林)is one of the wettest places in the world. the Amazon 亚马孙河
14. possible adj. impossible
1
(1)as…as possible=as…as sb. can
You’d better run as quickly as possible or you’ll miss the last bus. Please speak English as much/often as possible.
(2)It’s possible to fly to the moon one day.= It’s possible that we will
fly to …
We’ll probably/possibly fly to…
(3) I’ll do everything possible to help you.
The best time to visit Jiaxing
The weather in spring is pleasant compared to other seasons. It is neither too hot nor too cold and there is always plenty of bright sunshine. However, it rains from time to time, so don’t forget to bring an umbrella. You also need to wear a warm sweater because it might be cool in the evening. As we know, Jiaxing is famous for a large number of places of interest. For example, Yuehe Street is an interesting place to have fun. What’s more, you can have a picnic with your family members by the South Lake. It’s a good time to plant trees as well. Remember to wear comfortable shoes if you plan to do some sightseeing around the city. Finally, it’s a good idea to bring your camera because you may want to take photos of the beautiful sceneries(景色).
It’s hot and sunny in summer. It’s popular to wear a hat and a pair of sunglasses outdoors when the temperature stays above thirty degrees. It’s relaxing to swim in the sea and eat delicious ice-cream, but too much ice-cream makes you fatter.
Autumn is a harvest season (一个丰收的季节). People are busy getting in
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crops(忙着收割庄稼) and picking various of fruits on the farm. It is a bit dry, so you’d better drink enough water. You may also fly kites in Linggongtang Theme Park (凌公塘主题公园) when it is windy.
Winter is cold and the lowest temperature usually stays below zero. January is the coldest month and it’s great fun to play with snow. You can make a snowman with your playmates (伙伴). However, it’s impossible for you to go skating on the rivers or lakes because the ice is not thick enough. Never take the risk of falling through the ice. I’m not joking.
Anyway/ In a word/ Generally speaking(总而言之)，the best time to visit Jiaxing depends on (取决于) what kind of activities you are interested in.
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Module11 Way of life
Unit1 In China, we open a gift later.
1.It’s cool to wear a cap back-to-front.把鸭舌帽前后反过来戴很酷。 2.If she is interested in playing chess, it’s a good idea to choose a chess set as a present.
3. We Chinese usually have meals with chopsticks/ while Westerners(西方人) use knives and forks for meals.
This pair of chopsticks is pretty nice.（谓语是由pair决定的） A knife and fork ___ on the table now. （is） a knife and fork 一副刀叉表示一个整体，用单数。
4.A bar of chocolate is a perfect choice for those who prefer(更喜欢) sweet food.
5.Students need to look up new words in dictionaries to improve their study.
6. Little babies would like to play with toys.
7. Video games are not popular with teenagers any longer now. 现在电子游戏不再受青少年欢迎了。
8. Here’s your gift.
Here’s the change(找头，零钱)/money. Here are some flowers for you. 9. What a big surprise! n.
1)in surprise “惊奇地”常位于动词之后作状语，表示方式。eg. John turned around and looked at me in surprise． 约翰转过身来，惊奇地望着我。
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2)to one's surprise “使某人吃惊的是”、“出乎意料地”，常位于句首，作状语，表示行为的结果。
eg: To my surprise, the door was unlocked．使我吃惊的是，门没有锁。 surprised adj.人做主语,强调人的心理，“感到吃惊的” surprising adj.物做主语或修饰物，“令人吃惊的” 试比较：a surprising look 一个令人吃惊的表情 a surprised look一个吃惊的表情
3)be surprised at 对……感到惊奇 表示某种情绪、心情的起因时，常用at…这一介词短语，表示“听到…”或“看到…而…”
eg:She was surprised at the news. 4)be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 She was surprised to hear the news. 5)be surprised that + 从句
I was surprised that he died from an accident. 10.immediately=at once=right now=right away an immediate reply 立即回复
11.You must use both of the hands to accept a present. (both这里是pron. 做宾语)
=You must accept a gift with both hands. (both这里是adj. 做形容语) Both of them are married. (both这里是pron. 做主语)
Her parents are both doctors and they both work hard. They can both swim. (前一个both是adj. 做定语，后一个both是pron.做they的同位语)
( both/all和频度副词、also、probably的位置一样，放在实义动词前，情态动词、
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be动词或助动词后）
反义词 neither 两者都不
Neither of them is able to work out the math problem. (谓语用单数) neither… nor… 既不…也不…
He can neither sing nor dance. (连接两个动词做谓语)
The weather in Kunming is neither too cold nor too hot all year around. (连接两个形容词做表语)
Neither you nor I am a foreigner. (连接两个代词或名词做主语，谓语采用就近原则)
all反义词 none 三者及以上
12. I don’t think I should open it now. (否定前移) 我想我现在不应该打开它。
I don’t believe he is telling the truth. 我认为他不是在说实话。
13.You needn’t wait. =You don’t need to wait. Just wait and see! 到时候你就知道了。 can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待干某事 He couldn’t wait to open the box. can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁干某事
He couldn’t help laughing when he heard the joke.
14.The way of life in China is quite different from that in Britain.(与…截然不同)
There are many differences between the way of life in China and that in
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Britain.
15. pay attention to 注意，留心 (to是介词，后接名词、代词宾格或动名词) We have paid much attention to health care in recent years.近年来，我们已经非常重视医疗保健了。
pay no/little attention to 对…不重视
You’d better pay more attention to taking good care of yourself. 16.be interested in (doing) sth be interested to do sth.
17. 区分for example, such as和like
for example一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。
(1) For example, air is invisible. (看不见的) (2) He,for example,is a good student. such as用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。
(3)Some of the European languages come from Latin，such as French，Italian and Spanish.
有些欧洲语言来源于拉丁语，例如，法语、意大利语和西班牙语。
(4) Boys such as John and James are very friendly. like也常用来表示举例，可与such as互换。但such as用于举例可以分开使用，此时不可与like互换。
(5)Some warm-blooded animals,like/such as the cat，the dog or the wolf，do not need to hibernate. 一些温血动物，像猫、狗和狼都不需要冬眠。
(6)He has several such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks. 他有几本像字典、手册之类的参考书。
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18.You mustn’t do any cleaning or break anything on the first day of the
Chinese New Year/ the Spring Festival because it means bad luck/ it’s unlucky.
do some cleaning/washing/reading/shopping sightseeing/cooking 19.You must use red paper for hongbao because it’s lucky/ red means good luck. 20.have one’s hair cut = have a haircut
(cut-cut-cut cutting)
cut down 砍伐（树木）；削减（数字、数量等） They’ve cut down too many trees.
You should cut down your composition within 500 words. 你应该把作文的字数减少至500字以内。
21. during the Spring Festival month during the Christmas season at Spring Festival/ Christmas on the first day of the Spring Festival on Christmas Day/Eve
22.You can’t be serious. 你不可能当真的吧。 =You must be joking/kidding.
Take it easy./ Don’t worry. There’s nothing serious with your neck.别担心/紧张，脖子没什么大碍。
The situation is becoming serious.
She is serious with her work.她对工作很认真。 He is seriously/badly hurt. Bad luck!
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23. celebrate vt. 庆祝
They had a big party to celebrate his birthday. Grammar: must 的用法
1) 表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，意思为 “必须……，得……，要……”；由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must，否定回答要用needn’t，意思是“不必”；must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。
—Must I finish the task right now? —No, you needn’t.
You mustn’t come here without permission. 没有允许你不准来这。
2) 表示肯定的猜测，常用于肯定句中，意为 “一定是，必然……”。 Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital.
He must be reading newspapers in the reading room now.（正在进行的猜测） have to 与must的区别
两者都表示“必须”，但must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不，被迫”之意。
All passengers must wear seat belts. 系安全带
My bike was broken yesterday, so I had to walk to school. can 的用法
can的否定形式为cannot，缩写为can't。 1) 表示能力
I can’t swim. Can you drive？
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注意：can表示能力可与be able to互换使用，且后者有更多的时态，be able to常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来或完成的概念。
They will be able to run this machine on their own in three months. 2) 表示可能性，意思是：可以，可能。
That big cinema can seat/hold 2,000 people. He can be very friendly at times.
他有时可能非常友善。
3) 表示允诺，意思是：可以，能够,相当于may。 You can read the book when I have finished it. Can I have a look at your pen?
4) 表示惊异、不相信、猜测等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中），意思是:会，可能。
This can’t be true. 这不可能是真的。 -Can it be Mr Wang?
-No, it can’t be him because he has gone abroad. need的用法
need作为情态动词表示“需要”，一般用于否定句和疑问句。否定形式needn’t比较常用，表示“不需要”，或“不必要”。例如：
You needn’t be so rude.
need也可以作为行为动词，表示“需要”，sb. need to do sth. ; sb. need sb./sth.; sth. need doing = sth. need to be done
I need to brush my teeth immediately. She needed some help with her broken bike. Her bike needs repairing. 修理
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= Her bike needs to be repaired.
Unit2 In England, you usually drink tea with milk. 1. It’s good/bad manners to do sth.
=It’s polite/impolite/rude (of sb.) to do sth.
It’s good manners to offer your seat to the old on the bus. 在公交车上让座是有礼貌的。
It’s bad manners to spit in public.在公共场合下随地吐痰是不文明的。 2. experience n. 经历【C】；经验【U】vt.
I’d like to share my wonderful experiences in Shanghai Happy Valley with you.我想要和你一起分享我在上海欢乐谷的美妙经历。
Ms Gu is a good teacher with much experience. Ms Gu是一位经验丰富的好老师。 She is an experienced teacher. experienced adj. 经验丰富的
Have you ever experienced the way of life in England?(现在完成时的一般疑问句, experience vt.)
3. stay n.& v. stays staying stayed enjoy my stay
during my stay in Rome在罗马短暂停留期间 stay at home/in bed stay above/below zero degree 4. notice vt. & n. 注意到；通知，布告 notice sth./sb
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notice sb. do/doing sth.
(1) Did you notice the difference(s) between the words “quite” and “quiet”?
(2)I often notice him offer to empty the trash for the class. 我经常注意到他主动为班级到垃圾。
(3)I noticed him copying others’ homework just now. 5. for the first time
1)For the first time in his life he felt truly happy.
2)You should shake hands with them when you meet them for the first time. ( shake-shook-shaken shaking)
6. 区分know与get to know (know-knew-known)
know：认识，了解，强调一个事实状态； get to know：逐渐(开始)了解，强调一个过程和动作
We have known each other since we came here. We got to know each other when we came here.
7.When you are talking to your friends, you may call them by their first/given name.
You can use first name with/for your friend. 你可以直呼你朋友的名字。 family name 姓
8. Afternoon tea is not just a drink but a light meal at around 4 pm. 不仅仅是…而且是
Ms Gu is not just an English teacher but a good mother of ours.顾老师不仅
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仅是位英语老师，而且还是我们的好妈妈。
9. Fish and chips is traditional food in England, just like French fries in America.
You can buy and eat it in fish and chip shops on the high street (在繁华的商业大街), or you can take it away and eat with your fingers.
10. At the bus stop, you mustn’t push your way onto the bus. You need to stand in (a) line and wait(for) your turn.
It’s one’s turn to do sth.
It’s your turn to clean the blackboard. 11. get on/ get off the bus/train get into/out of the car 12. 英语的惯用表达法
动词+sb.+介词+the+人体的某个部位 catch/pull sb. by the arm/ nose touch/ pat（拍） sb. on the shoulder kick/bite sb. in the leg
hit sb. in the face / back/ chest hit sb. on the head/ nose/ jaw（下巴） 面积大的，会凹陷的部位，用in; 面积小的，较硬的突出的地方用on
13.Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the dinner party. Peter, you should behave like a gentleman. gentle adj. 轻轻的, 温柔的 gentlely adv.
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She said in a gentle voice.=She said gentlely. 14. smile politely
It’s polite of sb. to do sth.
14. Here is some advice for visitors to Britain. advise sb. to do sth. 15. Remember to drive on the left-hand side of the road in Hong Kong. 16.speak to old people the old 老年人 the elder 长辈们 16. wash up=do some washing clean up = do some cleaning
eat up the food= finish eating all the food listen up 仔细听
17. It’s dangerous for teenagers to stay out alone at night. 18. home/family rules 家规
19. It’s bad for our health to stay up late in the evening.晚上熬夜对我们的健康不利。
20. drink tea with milk We prefer Chinese tea with nothing else in it. 中国清茶
green/black/flower tea 绿茶、红茶、花茶
21. In the south of China, we usually eat noodles on the birthday because it means a long life.
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Module12 Help
Unit1 What should we do before help arrives? 1.first aid 急救
He succeeded with the aid/help of a hammer. 借助于锤子，他获得了成功。 2.base n. medicine n. basic medical help 3. imagine v. imagine sth. imagine doing imagine 从句
1) I can imagine the scene clearly in my mind. 我可以清楚地想像出那个情景.
2)Can you imagine flying like a bird in the sky?
3)She can’t imagine that he has done such a foolish thing. I couldn’t imagine how beautiful the scenery was. imagination n.
He is full of imagination.他想象力很丰富。 =He is imaginative.
[ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv] adj. 富于想像力的 4.at the bottom of the valley在谷底 at the foot of the mountain 在山脚下 at the top of the roof在屋顶
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We walked up a flight of stairs.(一段楼梯) go down the stairs= go downstairs adv. the man upstairs/downstairs楼上的人/楼下的人 5.区分voice, noise和sound She has a sweet voice.(n.嗓子,嗓音) There’s so much noise.(n.噪音) It’s noisy here.(adj.吵闹的)
It’s rude to talk noisily. (adv.喧闹地，喧哗地) She was too frightened to make a sound.
I woke up listening to the sound of birds singing every morning while I was in the countryside.
当我在乡下时，每天清晨听着鸟儿的歌声醒来。 (sound n.泛指自然界的各种声音) 6. be in pain= be painful
As the old saying goes, ”No pains, no gains.” 正如那句谚语所说：“不劳无获。”
区分sore, hurt, pain，ache
sore [sɔ:(r)] adj. 多指(因发炎)疼痛的，酸痛的 have a sore throat 嗓子痛
hurt adj.受伤的，一般是外伤，be/get hurt 也可以指情感、自尊的受伤
What he said just now hurt me deeply. vt. 伤害 hurt sb/oneself
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vi. 疼痛 My head hurts a lot. 我的头很痛。 pain n.可指(因受伤或生病而)疼，痛，痛苦 He felt a sharp pain in his knee。
用于比喻义，指心灵的伤痛，也可指付出努力 take pains to do sth.
=make efforts to do sth.= try to do sth.
ache n.多指(身体某部位的持续性) 持续的疼痛
have a toothache(牙痛)/headache(头痛) /backache(背痛)/stomachache(肚子痛)
have an earache耳朵痛 7. first of all 首先= above all
next,…then,… finally… （表示顺序的连接词，使得事情陈述有条理，写作时值得参考！）
what’s more= besides而且 8. 区分look for, fine和find out
1) He _______ his lost pen everywhere, but he didn’t ______ it at last. (looked for, find)
2) Please ______ who broke the vase.(find out) 9. What’s wrong with…？
What’s the matter/trouble with…?
10.But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you.但是他有可能无法听到你或者和你说话。could表示推测，就相当于might
have trouble/difficulty/problems (in)doing sth.
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11.shout/cry/call for help 12.call 120/110/119/the police 13.make him comfortable comfort v. 安慰
Thank you for comforting me. 14.lift sb. up vt. (代词宾格只能放中间) lift me/him/her up (lifted)
He is strong enough to lift the heavy furniture. a lift (n.) = an elevator [ˈelɪveɪtə(r)] AmE 15. sit him on a chair= let/make him take a seat 16.do harm to… n.
be harmful to=be bad for
Polluted air is quite harmful to our health. 17.drop v.& n.
1)I was so careless that I dropped my glasses and broke them.我很马虎，居然把眼镜掉下来摔碎了。
2)He felt hot tears dropping onto his fingers. 他感觉到热泪掉到他的手指上。 a drop of water 一滴水
18. hurt him even more 19. do some medical training 20. Make sure+从句
be sure of/about…
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be sure to do sth. sb. be sure +从句
1)Make sure that you follow the rules. 2)Are you sure of his arrival this evening? 你确定他今晚会来吗？
3)I am sure to succeed. 我一定会成功的。 = I’m sure of/about my success. =I’m sure that I will be successful.. 21. cover…with…
The thief covered his face with a piece of cloth and carried a sharp knife in his left hand.
这个小偷用一块布蒙着脸，左手拿着一把锋利的刀。 be covered with…
Three fourths of the world’s surface is covered with water.地球表面四分之三的面积被水覆盖着。
22.区分such…that…和so …that
She was such a brave girl that she saved the baby out of the big fire alone. =The girl was so brave that she saved….. 23. cause a lot of pain/trouble/damage 造成很多痛苦/麻烦/损害 cause sb. sth cause sb. to do sth. the cause of
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the reason for
24.move v. 移动，搬动 vi. 搬家；行动； vt. 提议；使感动；摇动；变化 n. 改变；迁移 The film was moving. He was deeply moved. 25. a piece of furniture
There is so much furniture in this market. 26. glass n. 玻璃杯 【C】，眼镜(通常用复数) two glasses of red wine两杯红酒
It was careless of him to break his glasses. As a result, he couldn’t see the blackboard clearly.
玻璃 【U】(材料时不可数)
The dinner table is made of glass.这个餐桌是由玻璃做成的。 Unit2 Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. 1. stay/keep away from 远离… 2. in/during an earthquake 3. warn sb. about/of sth. warn sb. not to do sth. warn sb. against (doing) sth.
He warned the driver about/of the slippy road. He warned his son not to fight with others. I warned him against swimming in the pond. 4. have little or no idea about…
5. jump/rush/run/climb/get out of/into…
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6.keep clear of fires 不接触火，要摆脱火灾
Her home caught fire and everything was destroyed. 她家失了火，所有的东西都烧毁了。
Her kitchen is on fire.她的厨房着火了！ 7.stop doing sth. stop to do sth. 8. use the lift/elevator
9. stay/keep calm/cool保持冷静/镇静 10. be helpful to sb. 11. street lights街灯 12. power lines输电线 powerful adj. What a powerful dog it is! =How powerful the dog is!
13. be careful of/with 注意,小心(后接名词,动名词或从句) 14. falling rocks/leaves/sand 正在下落的岩石/树叶/沙子 sleeping car/bag 卧铺/睡袋 swimming pool (v.-ing做定语，强调进行意义或用途) fallen leaves (已经躺在地面上的)落叶 broken glass
(过去分词做定语，强调动作已经完成或表示被动) 14. in short= in a word= generally speaking总之 15. follow v. 跟随;遵循 vt. 理解
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My pet dog follows me wherever I go. 无论我走到哪里，我的宠物狗都跟到哪。
I’m sorry I can’t follow you. Would you please speak a little more slowly? 16. You can also help save others. 17. get hit/hurt 18.看起来他很痛苦。 It looks like he is in pain. It seems that he is painful. He seems painful.
19.区分because of和because
He was absent from school ____ his bad illness. =He didn’t come to school_____ he was badly ill. 20.clear the rocks off the roads 把岩石从公路上清除掉 21. by doing
He made a living by pulling a rickshaw. 他以拉黄包车为生。
22.tsunami n.海啸 bubble n. 气泡 23. learn about…了解关于
24. go funny/mad/crazy/hungry/bad (go相当于一个系动词，后面可接形容词) 25. act quickly 26.be proud of
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I am proud of my daughter. My daughter is my pride. (n. 骄傲)
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[学生用书P183])
(2015年1月浙江学考)读印度水稻种植区分布和七月盛行风向图，完成1～2题。
1．图中盛行风是( )
A．西南季风 B．东南季风 C．西北季风 D．东北季风 答案：A
2．图中水稻种植的有利自然条件主要是( ) A．水热充足 B．地形复杂 C．水运便利 D．人口众多 答案：A
3．(2014年浙江学考)阅读材料，完成下列问题。
材料一 “丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的战略构想，给古老的丝绸之路带来了新的外延与内涵，给中国以及寻求发展的沿途各国带来了新的机遇与未来。 材料二 世界某区域略图。
(1)A半岛属于______板块，B海域位于板块的______(生长或消亡)边界。
(2)C山脉为亚洲和________洲的分界线；D河下游河段的流向是________________。
(3)E地附近地区分布着丰富的石油资源，根据自然资源的自然属性，该资源属于________；常年控制该地区的气压带是________________(填名称)。 答案：(1)印度洋 生长 (2)欧 东北向西南
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(3)矿产资源 副热带高压(副高)
1
,
[学生用书P188])
(2013年浙江学考)下图为欧洲西部大不列颠岛农业地域类型分布示意图。读图完成1～2题。
1．图中所示风带是( )
A．东北信风带 B．盛行西风带 C．东南信风带 D．极地东风带 答案：B
2．M所在地区农业发达的自然条件是( ) A．市场广阔 B．光照充足 C．海上交通便利 D．气候温和湿润 答案：D
3．(2014年浙江学考)鲁尔区发展钢铁工业的交通优势是( ) A．公路畅通 B．空运便捷 C．水运发达 D．管道密布 答案：C
4．(浙江会考)图1为德国鲁尔区，图2为中国辽中南地区。读图回答下列问题。
(1)图中A、B两地都位于地球五带中的________带。
(2)鲁尔区和辽中南地区最重要的工业部门都是______________。它们均拥有丰富的________(能源)，20世纪60年代以来，该能源的优势地位逐渐被__________和天然气所取代。
(3)近几十年来，这两个地区的一部分重工业布局向海港城市靠近，主要是为了充分利用当地的________优势。
(4)借鉴鲁尔区综合整治的经验，请你为辽中南地区可持续发展献计献策。(至少两条) 答案：(1)北温
(2)钢铁工业 煤炭 石油
(3)海运
(4)改造传统工业；大力发展新兴工业和第三产业；发展教育；加强交通设施的建设；保护和治理环境等。
5．(2015年10月浙江学考)阅读材料，完成下列问题。
材料一 北极航线是穿过北冰洋，连接大西洋和太平洋的海上航道。利用北极航道，可以开辟我国大部分港口到欧洲港口的新航线。
材料二 下图为从中国大连至荷兰鹿特丹传统航道和北极航道示意图。
(1)从大连至荷兰鹿特丹的新航线，可以通航的季节是________，原因是该季节________________________________________________________________________。
(2)从大连经北极航道至荷兰鹿特丹，在A海域因受____(填寒或暖)流影响船舶逆水航行，经过B海峡向东侧可远眺________(填国家)领土。
(3)冬季，从大连经传统航道至鹿特丹，船舶经过洲界C______________(填运河)后，受到盛行风的影响，在D海域________(填顺或逆)风航行。
(4)从自然带类型看，大连和鹿特丹同属________________________________________________________________________。 (5)从地形和气候角度，说明荷兰盛产鲜花的主要自然条件。 答案：(1)夏季 气温高，海冰融化 (2)寒 美国
(3)苏伊士运河 逆 (4)温带落叶阔叶林带
(5)地形平坦；气候温和；降水丰富。
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[学生用书P195])
1．(2015年1月浙江学考)在高效益综合发展阶段，区域发展的主导力量是( ) A．农业 B．工业 C．科技 D．旅游 答案：C
(浙江会考)下图为美国部分地区农业带分布图。读图回答2～3题。
2．下列正确反映美国农业带分布的是( ) A．①－乳畜带 B．②－小麦带 C．③－玉米带 D．④－棉花带 答案：A
3．图中反映的美国农业生产最主要特点是( ) A．耕作机械化 B．生产集约化 C．地区专门化 D．产销一体化 答案：C
(浙江会考)下表为2008年我国四省(区)经济、人口指标。回答4～5题。 人均 GDP (元) ① ② ③ ④ 21 487 7 762 3 176 4 203 42 214 32 214 12 110 19 593 三次产业比重(%) 第一 产业 5.1 11.5 14.6 16.4 第二 产业 53.9 54.9 46.3 49.7 第三 产业 41 33.6 39.1 33.9 城市人口 比重(%) 57.6 51.7 32.2 39.6 GDP 省(区) (亿元) 4.四省(区)中，区域发展水平最高的是( )
A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 答案：A
5．表中③省(区)( ) A．处于工业化发展阶段 B．位于长江三角洲地区 C．区域城市化水平高 D．农业产值高于①省(区) 答案：A
6．(2015年10月浙江学考)为实现农业的可持续发展，美国等国家尝试了许多现代化农业生产方式。下图示意的是( )
A．精确农业 B．有机农业 C．节水农业 D．生态农业 答案：A
7．(2015年1月浙江学考)读以北极为中心的世界区域图，完成下列问题。
(1)大洲界线A山脉是________________；决定B河流注入里海的因素是________。 (2)按性质分，C洋流属于________，它对沿岸气候的影响是________________。
(3)D地区终年受__________(填气压带或风带名称)影响，气候温暖湿润，适宜发展________________(填农业地域类型)。
(4)19世纪上半叶，E成为世界著名的以钢铁等为核心的重工业区，其钢铁工业发展的有利条件是____________和便利的水运。如今，通过________________等措施，该工业区的经济结构实现了多元化。
(5)F国商品经济高度发达，其农业生产布局最主要的特征是________________，决定该特征的重要因素是
________________________________________________________________________。 答案：(1)乌拉尔山脉 地势 (2)暖流 增温增湿 (3)盛行西风带 乳畜业
(4)丰富的煤炭 大力发展新兴工业和第三产业 (5)地区专门化 社会经济因素(经济效益)
,
[学生用书P202])
1．(2014年浙江学考)下列地理特征，符合我国北方地区的是( ) A．地形以盆地为主 B．土壤以红壤为主
C．亚热带季风气候为主 D．植被以落叶阔叶林为主 答案：D
2．(2014年浙江学考)与东部地区相比，西部地区具备的优势是( ) A．人才储备充足 B．交通运输便利 C．基础设施完善 D．自然资源丰富 答案：D
3．(2014年浙江学考)秦岭可作为( ) A．水田与旱地的分界线 B．森林与草原的分界线
C．春小麦与冬小麦的分界线 D．种植业与畜牧业的分界线 答案：A
(2014年浙江学考)下图为2007年我国三大自然区人均水资源拥有量示意图。读图完成4～5题。
4．青藏高寒区人均水资源拥有量最多，其主要的自然原因是( ) A．地势低平，水网密布 B．冰川广布，湖泊众多 C．植被稀疏，蒸腾量小 D．季风影响，降水量大 答案：B
5．为缓解水资源短缺对西北干旱半干旱区可持续发展的影响，可采取的措施有( ) ①优化农业结构 ②实施人工增雨 ③降低水费价格 ④推广节水技术 A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③ 答案：B
6．(2015年10月浙江学考)下图为我国某区域略图。A与B、C地区相比( )
A．城市化水平较高 B．农业生产水平较高 C．民营企业比重较低 D．人口自然增长率较高 答案：A
7．(2015年1月浙江学考)秦岭—淮河一线是我国东部地区南、北方重要的地理界线，该线以南地区以____________气候为主，水热充足，________(填耕地类型)广布，种植业发达。 答案：亚热带季风 水田
8．(2015年10月浙江学考)阅读材料，完成下列问题。
材料一 为解决城市问题、协调京津冀发展，北京加快了产业和人口向河北、天津转移。 材料二 图1为2011年辽、吉、黑三省和全国单位地区生产总值(GDP)能耗(能源消费总量/地区生产总值)图。图2为我国某区域冬季某时刻海平面等压线(单位：hPa)分布图。
(1)北京此时的风向是________，该季节的气候特征是________________。
(2)从区域发展阶段看，北京处于高效益的综合发展阶段。在该阶段，三次产业中增长速度最快、产值比重最高的是________，区域发展的主导力量是________。
(3)与全国相比，辽、吉、黑三省的单位GDP能耗的共同特点是__________，这和三省的产业结构偏重于__________有关。
(4)北京产业和人口的外迁，反映出城市化进程所处的阶段是__________阶段。 (5)与河北相比，天津作为北京产业转入地的优势条件有哪些？
答案：(1)西北(偏北) 寒冷干燥 (2)第三产业 高科技
(3)较高(高于全国) 重工业 (4)逆城市化
(5)技术水平高；对外开放程度高；基础设施较齐全；海运便利；与北京联系紧密。
,
[学生用书P210])
1．(2014年浙江学考)西气东输主体工程的起点位于( ) A．塔里木盆地 B．内蒙古高原 C．长江三角洲 D．黄土高原 答案：A
(2014年浙江学考)读我国不同时期产业转移示意图，完成2～3题。
2．改革开放初期，海外产业向我国转移的地区是( ) A．珠江三角洲 B．长江三角洲 C．中西部地区 D．环渤海经济区 答案：A
3．长江三角洲和珠江三角洲经济发展的共同优势是( ) A．矿产资源丰富 B．水陆交通便利 C．能源供应充足 D．重型产业主导 答案：B
4．(2015年1月浙江学考)加强成渝、长江三角洲地区的经济合作是发展“长江经济带”的重要措施，如我国实施的西气东输和________工程，可缓解长江三角洲地区的________问题；而通过________的输入，可使成渝地区自然资源得到合理的利用。 答案：西电东送 能源 资金(技术、管理)
5．(2014年浙江学考)阅读材料，完成下列问题。
材料一 图1为我国局部地区年太阳辐射总量空间分布和某资源跨区域调配线路示意图，图2为上海浦东新区2012年三次产业结构示意图。
材料二 搞好西部开发建设对加强民族团结，保持社会稳定与边疆安全，实现地区协调发展和，意义十分重大。
(1)从波长分布上看，太阳辐射能量主要集中在__________；图中由成都至西宁年太阳辐射总量的变化趋势是____________________，影响该分布特征的主要因素是________________________________________________________________________。
(2)图中所示的跨区域资源调配工程是__________，该工程的建设对我国东部地区经济发展的积极影响是________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________。
(3)西部大开发界线以东地区的地形以________和丘陵为主；在实施西部大开发过程中东部地区主要向西部地区提供________和管理等方面的支持。
(4)上海浦东新区三次产业比重最大的是________，目前该新区的区域发展处于______________阶段，该区域发展的主导力量是______________。 答案：(1)可见光区 递增 地形 (2)西电东送 促进经济发展 (3)平原 资金、技术
(4)第三产业 高效益综合发展 科技与信息
,
[学生用书P218])
1．(2013年浙江学考)建国以来，黑龙江三江平原丧失了大量天然沼泽，保护该区域湿地的有效措施是( )
A．封山育林 B．商业开发 C．疏浚河道 D．退耕还湿 答案：D
(浙江会考)某研究机构利用水池(4 m×2 m×1 m)、土壤、芦苇、水管等材料设计了一个人工湿地系统(如图)。完成2～3题。
2．该设计主要模拟的湿地功能有( ) ①防风固沙 ②净化水质 ③涵养水源 ④塑造地形 A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④ 答案：C
3．若用无植物的相同模拟系统实验，则检测到( ) A．出水口的排水量减少 B．土壤有机质含量增加 C．出水口的含沙量增加 D．土壤矿物质总量增加 答案：C
(2014年浙江学考)鄱阳湖近60年来出现初冬严重枯水的年份有12年。枯水期时，大面积的河滩、草洲显露，成为天然的牧牛场。据此完成4～5题。
4．从下列水循环环节分析，枯水期时鄱阳湖湖面萎缩的主要原因是( ) A．地表径流汇入减少 B．湖水下渗增加
C．地下径流流出增加 D．湖面蒸发增大 答案：A
5．下列措施有利于保护鄱阳湖湿地的是( ) A．退耕还牧 B．围湖造田
C．移民建镇 答案：C
D．截弯取直
,
[学生用书P223])
(2014年浙江学考)美国田纳西河流域优先发展高耗能工业的主要条件是( ) A．自然环境优美 B．电力廉价充足 C．矿产资源丰富 D．航运条件便利 答案：B
,
[学生用书P215])
1．(2015年1月浙江学考)土地荒漠化的主要危害是( ) A．地质灾害频次增多 B．地下石油资源锐减 C．土地生产能力下降 D．地质构造发生变化 答案：C
2．(浙江会考)下图漫画反映的主题是( )
A．控制人口 C．保护森林 答案：C
B．发展经济 D．开发能源
(浙江会考)下图为我国部分省区土地荒漠化及草地退化状况比较图。读图回答3～4题。
3．下列省区荒漠化比例最大的是( ) A．宁夏 B．青海 C．陕西 D． 答案：D
4．下列防治草地退化的措施，合理的是( ) ①开采矿产 ②生态移民 ③合理载畜 ④抽取地下水 A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 答案：B
,
[学生用书P227])
1．(浙江会考)浙江省是台风灾害比较严重的地区，为了减轻台风带来的危害，需要加强对台风的监测预报。目前人类对台风的监测主要依靠( ) A．气象卫星 B．探空气球 C．航空遥感 D．近地遥感 答案：A
2．(浙江会考)下列现代技术可以对沙尘暴和土地沙化现象进行监测的是( ) A．遥感技术 B．数字地球
C．地理信息技术 D．全球定位技术 答案：A
(浙江会考)下图为2011年8月某日“风云三号”气象卫星遥感图像。完成下题。
3．此时“风云三号”还有可能监测到( ) A．西南出现旱情 B．江南出现霜冻 C．华南出现沙尘 D．东北出现寒潮 答案：A
(2013年浙江学考)卫星地图也叫卫星影像，它不仅能实时导航，有些还能查看街道和景点的360度全景图像，这给使用者带来了便利。据此完成4～5题。 4．制作卫星地图需使用的地理信息技术有( ) ①RS ②GPS ③Inter ④GIS A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 答案：B
5．在卫星地图中能搜索到街道实景，是因为在制作时使用了( ) A．城市街道分布图
B．城市人口分布图 C．城市水系分布图 D．城市气温分布图 答案：A
(2014年浙江学考)2013年12月14日，“嫦娥三号”成功实现了在月球上的软着陆，并拍摄传回了着陆区的清晰图像(如下图)。读图完成下题。
6．获得该图像所运用的地理信息技术主要是( ) A．RS B．GPS C．GIS D．GPRS 答案：A
1．(浙江会考)下列技术中被成功应用于导弹精确制导的是( ) A．Internet技术 B．RS技术 C．GPS技术 D．GIS技术 答案：C
2．(浙江会考)沙漠中的探险者要确定自己所处的位置，可以借助的地理信息技术是( ) A．遥感 B．全球定位系统 C．地理信息系统 D．数字地球 答案：B
(2015年10月浙江学考)2015年7月14日“新视野号”飞船经过9年多的太空飞行，到达最接近冥王星的位置。据此完成下题。
3．获取“新视野号”飞船传输的数据并输出专题图像，运用的地理信息技术是( ) ①地理信息系统 ②卫星遥感技术 ③全球定位系统 ④航空遥感技术 A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 答案：A
,
[学生用书P225])
1．(浙江会考)中国古代烽火台的主要功能是( ) A．通信 B．运输 C．邮政 D．贸易 答案：A
(2014年浙江学考)下面方格中的数字表示我国东部某区域1979年和2005年土地利用情况，读图完成2～3 题。
2．该区域土地利用变化情况有( ) A．部分湖泊转为耕地 B．部分居住用地转为湖泊 C．部分居住用地转为耕地 D．部分湖泊转为居住用地 答案：A
3．这种变化对该地的影响最有可能是( ) A．洪涝灾害加剧 B．区域面积扩大 C．粮食产量下降 D．淡水资源增加 答案：A
4．(2015年1月浙江学考)在获取越冬候鸟的觅食半径、夜宿环境等资料后，以此准确划定鄱阳湖保护区范围可采用的地理信息技术是( ) A．GIS B．GPS C．RS D．VR 答案：A
5．(2015年10月浙江学考)GIS的数据存储采用分层技术，叠加不同图层后可以分析地理事物的相互关系。现已有某城市交通线路分布图层、地形图层等，若在该城市进行污水处理厂选址，还应增加( ) ①大气污染图层 ②土地利用图层 ③水系分布图层 ④土壤类型图层 A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ 答案：C
,
[学生用书P188])
(2013年浙江学考)下图为欧洲西部大不列颠岛农业地域类型分布示意图。读图完成1～2题。
1．图中所示风带是( )
A．东北信风带 B．盛行西风带 C．东南信风带 D．极地东风带 答案：B
2．M所在地区农业发达的自然条件是( ) A．市场广阔 B．光照充足 C．海上交通便利 D．气候温和湿润 答案：D
3．(2014年浙江学考)鲁尔区发展钢铁工业的交通优势是( ) A．公路畅通 B．空运便捷 C．水运发达 D．管道密布 答案：C
4．(浙江会考)图1为德国鲁尔区，图2为中国辽中南地区。读图回答下列问题。
(1)图中A、B两地都位于地球五带中的________带。
(2)鲁尔区和辽中南地区最重要的工业部门都是______________。它们均拥有丰富的________(能源)，20世纪60年代以来，该能源的优势地位逐渐被__________和天然气所取代。
(3)近几十年来，这两个地区的一部分重工业布局向海港城市靠近，主要是为了充分利用当地的________优势。
(4)借鉴鲁尔区综合整治的经验，请你为辽中南地区可持续发展献计献策。(至少两条) 答案：(1)北温
(2)钢铁工业 煤炭 石油
(3)海运
(4)改造传统工业；大力发展新兴工业和第三产业；发展教育；加强交通设施的建设；保护和治理环境等。
5．(2015年10月浙江学考)阅读材料，完成下列问题。
材料一 北极航线是穿过北冰洋，连接大西洋和太平洋的海上航道。利用北极航道，可以开辟我国大部分港口到欧洲港口的新航线。
材料二 下图为从中国大连至荷兰鹿特丹传统航道和北极航道示意图。
(1)从大连至荷兰鹿特丹的新航线，可以通航的季节是________，原因是该季节________________________________________________________________________。
(2)从大连经北极航道至荷兰鹿特丹，在A海域因受____(填寒或暖)流影响船舶逆水航行，经过B海峡向东侧可远眺________(填国家)领土。
(3)冬季，从大连经传统航道至鹿特丹，船舶经过洲界C______________(填运河)后，受到盛行风的影响，在D海域________(填顺或逆)风航行。
(4)从自然带类型看，大连和鹿特丹同属________________________________________________________________________。 (5)从地形和气候角度，说明荷兰盛产鲜花的主要自然条件。 答案：(1)夏季 气温高，海冰融化 (2)寒 美国
(3)苏伊士运河 逆 (4)温带落叶阔叶林带
(5)地形平坦；气候温和；降水丰富。
,
[学生用书P195])
1．(2015年1月浙江学考)在高效益综合发展阶段，区域发展的主导力量是( ) A．农业 B．工业 C．科技 D．旅游 答案：C
(浙江会考)下图为美国部分地区农业带分布图。读图回答2～3题。
2．下列正确反映美国农业带分布的是( ) A．①－乳畜带 B．②－小麦带 C．③－玉米带 D．④－棉花带 答案：A
3．图中反映的美国农业生产最主要特点是( ) A．耕作机械化 B．生产集约化 C．地区专门化 D．产销一体化 答案：C
(浙江会考)下表为2008年我国四省(区)经济、人口指标。回答4～5题。 人均 GDP (元) ① ② ③ ④ 21 487 7 762 3 176 4 203 42 214 32 214 12 110 19 593 三次产业比重(%) 第一 产业 5.1 11.5 14.6 16.4 第二 产业 53.9 54.9 46.3 49.7 第三 产业 41 33.6 39.1 33.9 城市人口 比重(%) 57.6 51.7 32.2 39.6 GDP 省(区) (亿元) 4.四省(区)中，区域发展水平最高的是( )
A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 答案：A
5．表中③省(区)( ) A．处于工业化发展阶段 B．位于长江三角洲地区 C．区域城市化水平高 D．农业产值高于①省(区) 答案：A
6．(2015年10月浙江学考)为实现农业的可持续发展，美国等国家尝试了许多现代化农业生产方式。下图示意的是( )
A．精确农业 B．有机农业 C．节水农业 D．生态农业 答案：A
7．(2015年1月浙江学考)读以北极为中心的世界区域图，完成下列问题。
(1)大洲界线A山脉是________________；决定B河流注入里海的因素是________。 (2)按性质分，C洋流属于________，它对沿岸气候的影响是________________。
(3)D地区终年受__________(填气压带或风带名称)影响，气候温暖湿润，适宜发展________________(填农业地域类型)。
(4)19世纪上半叶，E成为世界著名的以钢铁等为核心的重工业区，其钢铁工业发展的有利条件是____________和便利的水运。如今，通过________________等措施，该工业区的经济结构实现了多元化。
(5)F国商品经济高度发达，其农业生产布局最主要的特征是________________，决定该特征的重要因素是
________________________________________________________________________。 答案：(1)乌拉尔山脉 地势 (2)暖流 增温增湿 (3)盛行西风带 乳畜业
(4)丰富的煤炭 大力发展新兴工业和第三产业 (5)地区专门化 社会经济因素(经济效益)
,
[学生用书P202])
1．(2014年浙江学考)下列地理特征，符合我国北方地区的是( ) A．地形以盆地为主 B．土壤以红壤为主
C．亚热带季风气候为主 D．植被以落叶阔叶林为主 答案：D
2．(2014年浙江学考)与东部地区相比，西部地区具备的优势是( ) A．人才储备充足 B．交通运输便利 C．基础设施完善 D．自然资源丰富 答案：D
3．(2014年浙江学考)秦岭可作为( ) A．水田与旱地的分界线 B．森林与草原的分界线
C．春小麦与冬小麦的分界线 D．种植业与畜牧业的分界线 答案：A
(2014年浙江学考)下图为2007年我国三大自然区人均水资源拥有量示意图。读图完成4～5题。
4．青藏高寒区人均水资源拥有量最多，其主要的自然原因是( ) A．地势低平，水网密布 B．冰川广布，湖泊众多 C．植被稀疏，蒸腾量小 D．季风影响，降水量大 答案：B
5．为缓解水资源短缺对西北干旱半干旱区可持续发展的影响，可采取的措施有( ) ①优化农业结构 ②实施人工增雨 ③降低水费价格 ④推广节水技术 A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③ 答案：B
6．(2015年10月浙江学考)下图为我国某区域略图。A与B、C地区相比( )
A．城市化水平较高 B．农业生产水平较高 C．民营企业比重较低 D．人口自然增长率较高 答案：A
7．(2015年1月浙江学考)秦岭—淮河一线是我国东部地区南、北方重要的地理界线，该线以南地区以____________气候为主，水热充足，________(填耕地类型)广布，种植业发达。 答案：亚热带季风 水田
8．(2015年10月浙江学考)阅读材料，完成下列问题。
材料一 为解决城市问题、协调京津冀发展，北京加快了产业和人口向河北、天津转移。 材料二 图1为2011年辽、吉、黑三省和全国单位地区生产总值(GDP)能耗(能源消费总量/地区生产总值)图。图2为我国某区域冬季某时刻海平面等压线(单位：hPa)分布图。
(1)北京此时的风向是________，该季节的气候特征是________________。
(2)从区域发展阶段看，北京处于高效益的综合发展阶段。在该阶段，三次产业中增长速度最快、产值比重最高的是________，区域发展的主导力量是________。
(3)与全国相比，辽、吉、黑三省的单位GDP能耗的共同特点是__________，这和三省的产业结构偏重于__________有关。
(4)北京产业和人口的外迁，反映出城市化进程所处的阶段是__________阶段。 (5)与河北相比，天津作为北京产业转入地的优势条件有哪些？
答案：(1)西北(偏北) 寒冷干燥 (2)第三产业 高科技
(3)较高(高于全国) 重工业 (4)逆城市化
(5)技术水平高；对外开放程度高；基础设施较齐全；海运便利；与北京联系紧密。
,
[学生用书P210])
1．(2014年浙江学考)西气东输主体工程的起点位于( ) A．塔里木盆地 B．内蒙古高原 C．长江三角洲 D．黄土高原 答案：A
(2014年浙江学考)读我国不同时期产业转移示意图，完成2～3题。
2．改革开放初期，海外产业向我国转移的地区是( ) A．珠江三角洲 B．长江三角洲 C．中西部地区 D．环渤海经济区 答案：A
3．长江三角洲和珠江三角洲经济发展的共同优势是( ) A．矿产资源丰富 B．水陆交通便利 C．能源供应充足 D．重型产业主导 答案：B
4．(2015年1月浙江学考)加强成渝、长江三角洲地区的经济合作是发展“长江经济带”的重要措施，如我国实施的西气东输和________工程，可缓解长江三角洲地区的________问题；而通过________的输入，可使成渝地区自然资源得到合理的利用。 答案：西电东送 能源 资金(技术、管理)
5．(2014年浙江学考)阅读材料，完成下列问题。
材料一 图1为我国局部地区年太阳辐射总量空间分布和某资源跨区域调配线路示意图，图2为上海浦东新区2012年三次产业结构示意图。
材料二 搞好西部开发建设对加强民族团结，保持社会稳定与边疆安全，实现地区协调发展和，意义十分重大。
(1)从波长分布上看，太阳辐射能量主要集中在__________；图中由成都至西宁年太阳辐射总量的变化趋势是____________________，影响该分布特征的主要因素是________________________________________________________________________。
(2)图中所示的跨区域资源调配工程是__________，该工程的建设对我国东部地区经济发展的积极影响是________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________。
(3)西部大开发界线以东地区的地形以________和丘陵为主；在实施西部大开发过程中东部地区主要向西部地区提供________和管理等方面的支持。
(4)上海浦东新区三次产业比重最大的是________，目前该新区的区域发展处于______________阶段，该区域发展的主导力量是______________。 答案：(1)可见光区 递增 地形 (2)西电东送 促进经济发展 (3)平原 资金、技术
(4)第三产业 高效益综合发展 科技与信息
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[学生用书P183])
(2015年1月浙江学考)读印度水稻种植区分布和七月盛行风向图，完成1～2题。
1．图中盛行风是( )
A．西南季风 B．东南季风 C．西北季风 D．东北季风 答案：A
2．图中水稻种植的有利自然条件主要是( ) A．水热充足 B．地形复杂 C．水运便利 D．人口众多 答案：A
3．(2014年浙江学考)阅读材料，完成下列问题。
材料一 “丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的战略构想，给古老的丝绸之路带来了新的外延与内涵，给中国以及寻求发展的沿途各国带来了新的机遇与未来。 材料二 世界某区域略图。
(1)A半岛属于______板块，B海域位于板块的______(生长或消亡)边界。
(2)C山脉为亚洲和________洲的分界线；D河下游河段的流向是________________。
(3)E地附近地区分布着丰富的石油资源，根据自然资源的自然属性，该资源属于________；常年控制该地区的气压带是________________(填名称)。 答案：(1)印度洋 生长
(2)欧 东北向西南
(3)矿产资源 副热带高压(副高)
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